Modeling the short-term creep response in air of a Friction Stir Processed commercially pure Ti (Grade 2): effects of initial state and oxygen diffusion

IF 2.1 4区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING

Mechanics of Time-Dependent Materials Pub Date : 2024-12-16 DOI:10.1007/s11043-024-09749-6

Michael Regev, Alberto Santoni, Stefano Spigarelli

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Abstract

This study investigates the effect of Friction Stir Processing (FSP) on the creep response in air at 550 and 600 °C of commercially pure titanium (Ti-Grade 2). FSP resulted in an inhomogeneous microstructure, which generally exhibited lower minimum creep rates compared to the base unmodified metal. Oxygen diffusion in the superficial layer of the creep samples caused a local marked increment of the hardness, a phenomenon already observed when testing the base metal. A constitutive model, which was initially developed to describe the effect of initial hardness and oxygen diffusion during the test in the unmodified grade 2 Ti, was significantly improved and implemented. The model provided an excellent description of the minimum creep rate dependence on the applied stress and temperature for unmodified and friction-stir processed materials without needing any data fitting of the creep results. In addition, the proposed model also suggests the reason for the differences in the shape of the creep curves observed when comparing short and long experiments.

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建立摩擦搅拌加工商业纯钛（2 级）在空气中的短期蠕变响应模型：初始状态和氧扩散的影响

本研究探讨了搅拌摩擦处理（FSP）对商业纯钛（ti - 2级）在550和600°C空气中蠕变响应的影响。FSP导致不均匀的微观结构，与未改性的基本金属相比，通常表现出更低的最小蠕变速率。氧在蠕变试样表层的扩散引起硬度的局部显著增加，这种现象在测试母材时已经观察到。最初建立的本构模型用于描述未改性的2级Ti在试验过程中初始硬度和氧扩散的影响，该模型得到了显著改进和实现。该模型很好地描述了未经改性和搅拌摩擦处理的材料的最小蠕变速率与外加应力和温度的关系，而不需要对蠕变结果进行任何数据拟合。此外，所提出的模型还提出了在比较短时间和长时间试验时所观察到的蠕变曲线形状不同的原因。

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来源期刊

Mechanics of Time-Dependent Materials 工程技术-材料科学：表征与测试

CiteScore

4.90

自引率

8.00%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： Mechanics of Time-Dependent Materials accepts contributions dealing with the time-dependent mechanical properties of solid polymers, metals, ceramics, concrete, wood, or their composites. It is recognized that certain materials can be in the melt state as function of temperature and/or pressure. Contributions concerned with fundamental issues relating to processing and melt-to-solid transition behaviour are welcome, as are contributions addressing time-dependent failure and fracture phenomena. Manuscripts addressing environmental issues will be considered if they relate to time-dependent mechanical properties. The journal promotes the transfer of knowledge between various disciplines that deal with the properties of time-dependent solid materials but approach these from different angles. Among these disciplines are: Mechanical Engineering, Aerospace Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Rheology, Materials Science, Polymer Physics, Design, and others.