Effect of innovative carbon additives in the positive active mass of absorbent glass mat lead acid battery

IF 5.5 3区 材料科学 Q1 ELECTROCHEMISTRY
Marco Cattelan , Giorgia Daniel , Marco Mazzucato , Daniele Fabris , Simone Crivellaro , Roberto Aliberti , Mattia Parnigotto , Silvia Cazzanti , Christian Durante
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Abstract

A well-known problem of lead acid batteries (LABs) is the limited charge efficiency and cyclability, due to the heavy electrode degradation during the discharging-charging process. Specifically, grid corrosion remains a detrimental issue to solve in flooded LAB. In this regard, it was observed that the addition of carbons in the positive active mass (PAM) of LABs improves the battery performances specifically the mechanical strength and the conductivity, which is beneficial for uniform current distribution during the charge-discharge process. In this paper, three different carbon-based compounds namely carbon black, carbon nanotubes, and graphitic carbon were selected as additives based on their physicochemical and electrochemical properties such as surface area, porosity, graphitization degree, conductivity, contact angle (wettability), and overpotential versus the hydrogen evolution reaction. Positive active masses at different carbon additive loadings (0.04 ÷ 0.4 % wtPbO) were tested in an absorbent glass mat (AGM) LAB 1+/2− prototype cell. The prepared cells were tested under a standard charge-discharge protocol and then water loss was evaluated by coupling electrochemical polarization and gas analysis in accumulation mode. Incorporating carbon additives results in a remarkable increase in grid corrosion resistance and oxygen recombination.
新型碳添加剂对吸收式玻璃垫铅酸电池正电活性质量的影响
铅酸电池在充放电过程中电极降解严重,充电效率和可循环性有限是铅酸电池普遍存在的问题。具体来说,电网腐蚀仍然是水淹实验室需要解决的一个不利问题。在这方面,我们观察到在LABs的正活性质量(PAM)中添加碳可以提高电池的性能,特别是机械强度和电导率,有利于充放电过程中电流分布均匀。本文根据炭黑、碳纳米管和石墨碳等三种不同的碳基化合物的物理化学和电化学性能,如表面积、孔隙度、石墨化程度、电导率、接触角(润湿性)和过电位对析氢反应的影响,选择它们作为添加剂。在吸附玻璃垫(AGM) LAB 1+/2 -原型电池中测试了不同碳添加剂负载(0.04 ÷ 0.4% wtPbO)下的正活性质量。在标准充放电条件下对制备的电池进行测试,然后通过电化学极化和气体富集耦合分析来评估水分损失。加入碳添加剂可以显著提高网格的耐腐蚀性和氧复合。
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来源期刊
Electrochimica Acta
Electrochimica Acta 工程技术-电化学
CiteScore
11.30
自引率
6.10%
发文量
1634
审稿时长
41 days
期刊介绍: Electrochimica Acta is an international journal. It is intended for the publication of both original work and reviews in the field of electrochemistry. Electrochemistry should be interpreted to mean any of the research fields covered by the Divisions of the International Society of Electrochemistry listed below, as well as emerging scientific domains covered by ISE New Topics Committee.
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