Sexual Orientation-Motivated Violent Victimizations in Brazil: Using Representative Data From the 2019 National Health Survey

IF 2.6 3区 心理学 Q1 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY
Célia Landmann Szwarcwald, Paulo Roberto Borges de Souza Júnior, Wanessa da Silva de Almeida, Euclides Ayres de Castilho
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Abstract

Using representative data from the 2019 National Health Survey (PNS-2019), we aim to investigate whether violent physical and sexual victimization differs by sexual orientation in Brazil. This was a cross-sectional study using data from a nationwide household-based survey. The PNS sample was selected with a three-stage cluster sampling. Prevalence of individuals aged 18 to 64 years who had suffered physical violence in the previous 12 months and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated according to sex and sexual orientation. Multivariate logistic regression models were used with physical violence in the previous 12 months as the outcome and self-declared sexual orientation, sociodemographic characteristics, and age of sexual initiation as independent variables. Odds-ratios (OR) were estimated to test associations with the independent variables. The same statistical procedures were used for analyzing lifetime sexual violence. Among the 70,361 participants, 2.2% of men and 2.0% of women self-declared to be homosexual/bisexual. Among homosexual/bisexual men and women, 13% and 16%, respectively, have suffered physical violence in the previous 12 months. Regarding lifetime sexual violence, prevalence was 6.4% among homosexual/bisexual men, with OR = 9.1 (95% CI [5.7, 14.4]) in comparison to heterosexual men. Among homosexual/bisexual women, prevalence reached 11.5%, with OR = 2.4 (95% CI [1.7, 3.4]) in comparison to heterosexual women. After controlling for sexual orientation, the greatest odds of suffering physical violence in the previous 12 months were found among young people, non-white, starting sexual activity <15 years old, and poor education. The risk of women suffering lifetime sexual violence was seven times greater than that of men (OR = 7.30; 95% CI [6.05, 8.80]). The findings indicate a complex scenario in which sex, sexual orientation, skin color, and poor education interact in violent victimization and highlights the insufficiency of public policies in implementing effective actions focused on overcoming the homophobic prejudice that persists in Brazilian society.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
6.20
自引率
12.00%
发文量
375
期刊介绍: The Journal of Interpersonal Violence is devoted to the study and treatment of victims and perpetrators of interpersonal violence. It provides a forum of discussion of the concerns and activities of professionals and researchers working in domestic violence, child sexual abuse, rape and sexual assault, physical child abuse, and violent crime. With its dual focus on victims and victimizers, the journal will publish material that addresses the causes, effects, treatment, and prevention of all types of violence. JIV only publishes reports on individual studies in which the scientific method is applied to the study of some aspect of interpersonal violence. Research may use qualitative or quantitative methods. JIV does not publish reviews of research, individual case studies, or the conceptual analysis of some aspect of interpersonal violence. Outcome data for program or intervention evaluations must include a comparison or control group.
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