Co-resistance is the dominant mechanism of co-selection and dissemination of antibiotic resistome in nano zinc oxide polluted soil

IF 12.2 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Journal of Hazardous Materials Pub Date : 2024-12-14 DOI:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.136885

R. Dinesh, CP Sreena, TE Sheeja, V Srinivasan, KP Subila, Charles Sona, IP Vijesh Kumar, M Anusree, M Alagupalamuthirsolai, K Jayarajan, V Sajith

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Abstract

The broader soil bacterial community responses at eco-toxicologically relevant levels of nano ZnO (nZnO) focussing on co-selection of antibiotic resistance (AR) was investigated. nZnO imposed a stronger influence than the bulk counterpart (bZnO) on antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) with multidrug resistance (MDR) systems being predominant (63% of total ARGs). Proliferation of biomarker ARGs especially for last resort antibiotic like vancomycin was observed and Streptomyces hosted multiple ARGs. nZnO was the major driver of resistome with efflux systems dominating the AR mechanism. Environmental risk associated with nZnO was mediated through metal driven co-selection of ARGs and their probable transfer to eukaryotic hosts through horizontal gene transfer (HGT) via mobile genetic elements (MGEs). Novel resistance genes tetA, mdtA, int and tnpA validated in our study can be used as biomarkers for rapid detection of nZnO toxicity in agricultural soils. qRT-PCR validation of resistome in the rhizosphere soil microbiome of turmeric indicated that Zn levels in rhizosphere soil decreased by 16% compared to bulk soil with 80% bioaccumulation in rhizomes at 1000 mg Zn kg^-1 and subsequent down regulation of ARGs. Expression of key biosynthetic genes for curcumin in turmeric rhizomes showed an increase up to 500 mg Zn kg^-1 as nZnO. Validation of co-selection phenomenon in microcosm with 10 mg kg^-1 tetracycline without added Zn indicated 20% upregulation of Zn resistance genes (ZRGs) like czcA, yiip and zntA.

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纳米氧化锌（nZnO）对抗生素耐药性基因（ARGs）的影响比大量氧化锌（bZnO）更强，耐多药（MDR）系统占主导地位（占 ARGs 总数的 63%）。观察到生物标记 ARGs 增多，特别是对万古霉素等最后一种抗生素，链霉菌中存在多种 ARGs。与 nZnO 相关的环境风险是通过金属驱动的 ARGs 共同选择以及它们可能通过移动遗传元件（MGEs）的水平基因转移（HGT）转移到真核生物宿主而介导的。在我们的研究中验证的新型抗性基因 tetA、mdtA、int 和 tnpA 可用作快速检测农业土壤中 nZnO 毒性的生物标记。姜黄根瘤土壤微生物组中抗性基因组的 qRT-PCR 验证表明，根瘤土壤中的锌含量比大块土壤中的锌含量降低了 16%，在 1000 毫克 Zn kg-1 的条件下，根瘤中的生物累积率为 80%，ARGs 的表达随之下降。姜黄根茎中姜黄素关键生物合成基因的表达量在 500 毫克 Zn kg-1 nZnO 的浓度下有所增加。在不添加锌的情况下，用 10 毫克/千克-1 四环素对小宇宙中的共选择现象进行验证，结果表明抗锌基因（ZRGs）（如 czcA、yiip 和 zntA）上调了 20%。

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来源期刊

Journal of Hazardous Materials 工程技术-工程：环境

CiteScore

25.40

自引率

5.90%

发文量

3059

审稿时长

58 days

期刊介绍： The Journal of Hazardous Materials serves as a global platform for promoting cutting-edge research in the field of Environmental Science and Engineering. Our publication features a wide range of articles, including full-length research papers, review articles, and perspectives, with the aim of enhancing our understanding of the dangers and risks associated with various materials concerning public health and the environment. It is important to note that the term "environmental contaminants" refers specifically to substances that pose hazardous effects through contamination, while excluding those that do not have such impacts on the environment or human health. Moreover, we emphasize the distinction between wastes and hazardous materials in order to provide further clarity on the scope of the journal. We have a keen interest in exploring specific compounds and microbial agents that have adverse effects on the environment.