Sulfur Metabolism and Response to Light in Ulva prolifera Green Tides

IF 7.6 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental Pollution Pub Date : 2024-12-12 DOI:10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125523

Lu Han, Yu Xin, Jinyan Wang, Pei-Feng Li, Tao Liu, Shan-Shan Duan, Chun-Ying Liu, Gui-Peng Yang

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The outbreak of Ulva prolifera blooms causes significant changes in the coastal sulfur cycle due to the high production of dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) and the emission of dimethylsulfide (DMS). However, the sulfur metabolism mechanism of U. prolifera has not been thoroughly investigated. In this study, we examined the levels of intracellular and extracellular sulfate (SO₄²⁻-S), total sulfur (TS), DMSP, and DMS in fresh U. prolifera under different light intensity conditions (54, 108 and 162 μmol photons m^–2 s^–1) during algal growth. We also conducted transcriptome analyses to investigate sulfur uptake and metabolism. When the light intensity increased by 50% (from 108 to 162 μmol photons m^–2 s^–1), the amount of absorbed SO₄²⁻-S increased by 3.5 times after 24 hours, while the fresh weight of U. prolifera increased by 16%, and the average release rates of DMS and DMSP increased by 136% and 100%, respectively. However, the expression of sulfate transporter and assimilation-related genes did not show significant up- or down-regulation in response to the light intensity changes. Therefore, it is speculated that the key gene responsible for DMSP synthesis in U. prolifera has not yet been identified. The sulfate metabolic pathway of U. prolifera was established, and four Alma genes, including DMSP lyase, were identified. During the bloom period, it is estimated that U. prolifera releases a maximum of approximately 0.4 tons of sulfur and 0.3 tons of carbon in the form of DMS into the atmosphere per day. Additionally, biogenic sulfur dissolved in seawater or within algae could potentially impact the regional climate and environment.

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来源期刊

Environmental Pollution 环境科学-环境科学

CiteScore

16.00

自引率

6.70%

发文量

2082

审稿时长

2.9 months

期刊介绍： Environmental Pollution is an international peer-reviewed journal that publishes high-quality research papers and review articles covering all aspects of environmental pollution and its impacts on ecosystems and human health. Subject areas include, but are not limited to: • Sources and occurrences of pollutants that are clearly defined and measured in environmental compartments, food and food-related items, and human bodies; • Interlinks between contaminant exposure and biological, ecological, and human health effects, including those of climate change; • Contaminants of emerging concerns (including but not limited to antibiotic resistant microorganisms or genes, microplastics/nanoplastics, electronic wastes, light, and noise) and/or their biological, ecological, or human health effects; • Laboratory and field studies on the remediation/mitigation of environmental pollution via new techniques and with clear links to biological, ecological, or human health effects; • Modeling of pollution processes, patterns, or trends that is of clear environmental and/or human health interest; • New techniques that measure and examine environmental occurrences, transport, behavior, and effects of pollutants within the environment or the laboratory, provided that they can be clearly used to address problems within regional or global environmental compartments.