Modernizing Load and Emission Factors for Construction Machinery Based on Real-world Operation: Estimation of Emission Data in Korea

IF 7.6 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental Pollution Pub Date : 2024-12-12 DOI:10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125530

Dalho Shin, Seokho Moon, Jeeyoung Ham, Hyungcheon Kim, Chul Yoo, Sungwoo Kim, Suhan Park

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Abstract

The emissions inventory for non-road mobile machinery (NRMM) in Korea relies on laboratory engine tests, which do not accurately reflect the real-world emissions from construction machinery. Hence, standardized real-world test conditions suitable for the Korean environment were first designed based on the manufacturer’s testing methods and previous research. Next, using portable emissions measurement systems (PEMS), data on exhaust emissions and load factor (LF) were collected and analyzed during real-world tests on three types of construction machinery (excavators, loaders, and forklifts) with high registration rates and emissions in Korean environment. The improved LFs, which reflect real-world tests, were significantly lower than the existing LF value (0.48), with values of 0.38-0.5 for excavators, 0.3-0.44 for loaders and 0.26 for forklifts. The emission factors (EFs) were higher than those currently used in Korea’s emissions inventory, namely, the Clean Air Policy Support System (CAPSS). Based on the results, emissions were calculated and compared using an emission calculation formula. The relationship between LFs and EFs was also investigated to address the limitations of previous studies that focused solely on EF measurements. The combined improvements in EFs + LFs can lead to slightly higher emissions inventories. The improved LFs and EFs based on the results of real-world tests reported herein can enhance the accuracy of estimating emissions from construction machinery in Korea.

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基于实际操作的工程机械现代化负荷和排放因素：韩国排放数据的估计

韩国非道路移动机械（NRMM）的排放清单依赖于实验室发动机测试，不能准确反映工程机械的真实排放。因此，首先根据制造商的测试方法和先前的研究设计了适合韩国环境的标准化实际测试条件。接下来，利用便携式排放测量系统（PEMS），在韩国环境中对三种高登记率和高排放的工程机械（挖掘机、装载机和叉车）进行了实际测试，收集并分析了废气排放和负载系数（LF）的数据。改进后的LFs反映了实际测试结果，显著低于现有的LFs值（0.48），其中挖掘机为0.38-0.5，装载机为0.3-0.44，叉车为0.26。排放系数（EFs）高于韩国目前使用的排放清单，即清洁空气政策支持系统（CAPSS）。在此基础上，利用排放计算公式对排放量进行了计算和比较。研究人员还调查了LFs和EFs之间的关系，以解决以往仅关注EF测量的研究的局限性。EFs + LFs的综合改善可能导致排放清单略有增加。基于本文报告的实际测试结果改进的LFs和EFs可以提高估计韩国工程机械排放的准确性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Environmental Pollution 环境科学-环境科学

CiteScore

16.00

自引率

6.70%

发文量

2082

审稿时长

2.9 months

期刊介绍： Environmental Pollution is an international peer-reviewed journal that publishes high-quality research papers and review articles covering all aspects of environmental pollution and its impacts on ecosystems and human health. Subject areas include, but are not limited to: • Sources and occurrences of pollutants that are clearly defined and measured in environmental compartments, food and food-related items, and human bodies; • Interlinks between contaminant exposure and biological, ecological, and human health effects, including those of climate change; • Contaminants of emerging concerns (including but not limited to antibiotic resistant microorganisms or genes, microplastics/nanoplastics, electronic wastes, light, and noise) and/or their biological, ecological, or human health effects; • Laboratory and field studies on the remediation/mitigation of environmental pollution via new techniques and with clear links to biological, ecological, or human health effects; • Modeling of pollution processes, patterns, or trends that is of clear environmental and/or human health interest; • New techniques that measure and examine environmental occurrences, transport, behavior, and effects of pollutants within the environment or the laboratory, provided that they can be clearly used to address problems within regional or global environmental compartments.