Revisiting snowmelt dynamics and its impact on soil moisture and vegetation in mid-high latitude watershed over four decades

IF 5.6 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology Pub Date : 2024-12-13 DOI:10.1016/j.agrformet.2024.110353

Dongsheng Li , Wei Ouyang , Lei Wang , Jing Chen , He Zhang , Anarmaa Sharkhuu , Soyol-Erdene Tseren-Ochir , Yang Yang

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Snowmelt is a critical water supply that affects the environmental security and sustainable development. However, the dynamic contributions of climatic factors to snowmelt and their impacts on soil moisture (SM) and vegetation growth remain unclear. In this study, by combining changes in spring snowmelt (snow water equivalent), climatic factors (precipitation and temperature), SM, and vegetation growth (normalized difference vegetation index [NDVI]) during 1982–2018, the spatiotemporal patterns in snowmelt and its mutual effects on SM and NDVI in a mid-high latitude watershed (Mongolia) were investigated. The results showed that spring snowmelt has decreased (-0.54 m/yr, p < 0.05) in Mongolia, with cold season temperature and precipitation identified as key influencing factors. The negative association between cold season temperature and snowmelt is intensifying (-0.0010 mm/yr, p > 0.05), while the positive influence of cold season precipitation is weakening (-0.0004 mm/yr, p > 0.05). Additionally, snowmelt provides 30 % of SM, and rising spring temperatures, along with reduced snowmelt, is the main reasons for SM decline (0.001 m³/m³/yr, p < 0.05). The negative impact of spring temperature on SM is growing (-0.0029 %/yr, p < 0.05), while snowmelt's positive contribution is diminishing (-0.0011 %/yr, p < 0.05). Furthermore, spring temperature has the strongest direct effect (positive) on vegetation, while SM exerts the greatest total influence (positive). Snowmelt indirectly affects (positive) vegetation through its role in SM. Despite vegetation increased in 60.5 % of the area, the declining trends in SM and snowmelt, alongside the reduced contribution of SM to vegetation (-0.0028/yr, p < 0.05), suggest an increased risk of future drought. Overall, this study provides new insights into the dynamics and interrelationships between snowmelt, SM, and vegetation in mid-to-high latitude regions, offering valuable implications for sustainable development decision-making.

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回顾40年来中高纬度流域融雪动态及其对土壤水分和植被的影响

融雪是影响环境安全和可持续发展的重要水源。然而，气候因子对融雪的动态贡献及其对土壤水分和植被生长的影响尚不清楚。结合1982-2018年春季融雪（雪水等值）、气候因子（降水和温度）、SM和植被生长（归一化植被指数[NDVI]）的变化，研究了中高纬流域（蒙古）融雪的时空格局及其对SM和NDVI的相互影响。结果表明，春季融雪量减少(-0.54 m/yr, p <；0.05)，冷季温度和降水是主要影响因素。冷季温度与融雪的负相关正在增强(-0.0010 mm/yr, p >；0.05)，而冷季降水的正向影响正在减弱(-0.0004 mm/yr, p >；0.05)。此外，融雪量提供了30%的融雪量，春季气温上升和融雪量减少是融雪量下降的主要原因(0.001 m³/m³/yr, p <；0.05)。春季温度对SM的负面影响越来越大(- 0.0029% /yr, p <；0.05)，而融雪的正贡献正在减小(- 0.0011% /年，p <；0.05)。春季气温对植被的直接影响最大（正），而SM对植被的总影响最大（正）。融雪通过其在SM中的作用间接影响（正）植被。尽管植被增加了60.5%，但SM和融雪量呈下降趋势，SM对植被的贡献减少(-0.0028/yr, p <；0.05)，表明未来干旱的风险增加。总体而言，本研究为中高纬度地区融雪、SM和植被之间的动态关系和相互关系提供了新的见解，为可持续发展决策提供了有价值的启示。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 农林科学-林学

CiteScore

10.30

自引率

9.70%

发文量

415

审稿时长

69 days

期刊介绍： Agricultural and Forest Meteorology is an international journal for the publication of original articles and reviews on the inter-relationship between meteorology, agriculture, forestry, and natural ecosystems. Emphasis is on basic and applied scientific research relevant to practical problems in the field of plant and soil sciences, ecology and biogeochemistry as affected by weather as well as climate variability and change. Theoretical models should be tested against experimental data. Articles must appeal to an international audience. Special issues devoted to single topics are also published. Typical topics include canopy micrometeorology (e.g. canopy radiation transfer, turbulence near the ground, evapotranspiration, energy balance, fluxes of trace gases), micrometeorological instrumentation (e.g., sensors for trace gases, flux measurement instruments, radiation measurement techniques), aerobiology (e.g. the dispersion of pollen, spores, insects and pesticides), biometeorology (e.g. the effect of weather and climate on plant distribution, crop yield, water-use efficiency, and plant phenology), forest-fire/weather interactions, and feedbacks from vegetation to weather and the climate system.