Integrative Analysis of Genome-wide Association Studies of Polyphenols in Apple Fruits Identifies the MdDof2.4-MdPAT10 Module That Promotes Procyanidin Accumulation

IF 8.7 1区农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Horticulture Research Pub Date : 2024-12-12 DOI:10.1093/hr/uhae349

Zhongxing Li, Cai Gao, Tianle Fan, Yilin Cui, Zeyuan Liu, Lei Li, Qian Qian, Mengjie Cheng, Xiangqiang Zhan, Chundong Niu, Fengwang Ma, Peizhi Yang, Qingmei Guan

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Polyphenols represent a significant class of nutrients in apples, contributing to human health and well-being. Among these, procyanidins stand out as the most prevalent polyphenolic compounds in apple fruits. These compounds are abundant in wild apples and generally low in modern apple cultivars. Therefore, it is crucial to identify and recover genetically lost genes that regulate polyphenol accumulation in order to improve the apple quality. To achieve this, we conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) on 15 traits related to polyphenol content, utilizing 134 Malus accessions. We identified 1,204 marker-trait associations (MTAs) and 840 candidate genes, including known polyphenol biosynthetic and regulatory genes, such as MYB7, TT4, and HCT/HQT. Notably, we pinpointed a protein S-acyl transferase 10 (PAT10) which is significantly associated with procyanidin content. Through experiments with transgenic calli, we determined that apple (Malus domestica) MdPAT10 positively regulated procyanidin accumulation. Furthermore, we identified a 51-bp insertion variant (In-868) on the promoter of the PAT10, which influences its expression. Both a yeast one-hybrid (Y1H) assay and an electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) revealed that MdDof2.4 was able to bind to the promoter of MdPAT10 containing In-868 (MdPAT10proIn-868), but not to the promoter of MdPAT10 without In-868 (MdPAT10pro). Moreover, MdDof2.4 promoted MdPAT10 (with MdPAT10proIn-868) expression and increased procyanidin accumulation in fruits. Overall, our results enhance the understanding of the biosynthetic regulation of apple polyphenols and provide a theoretical foundation and genetic resources for breeding apple varieties with optimal polyphenol content.

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苹果果实多酚全基因组关联研究的整合分析发现促进原花青素积累的MdDof2.4-MdPAT10模块

苹果中的多酚是一类重要的营养物质，对人体健康和福祉有贡献。其中，原花青素是苹果果实中最普遍的多酚类化合物。这些化合物在野生苹果中含量丰富，而在现代苹果品种中含量普遍较低。因此，鉴定和恢复调控苹果多酚积累的基因是提高苹果品质的关键。为了实现这一点，我们利用134份苹果材料对15个与多酚含量相关的性状进行了全基因组关联研究（GWAS）。我们确定了1204个标记-性状关联（mta）和840个候选基因，包括已知的多酚生物合成和调控基因，如MYB7、TT4和HCT/HQT。值得注意的是，我们确定了与原花青素含量显著相关的蛋白质s -酰基转移酶10 （PAT10）。通过转基因愈伤组织实验，我们确定苹果（Malus domestica） MdPAT10正调控原花青素的积累。此外，我们在PAT10的启动子上发现了一个51 bp的插入变异（In-868），影响其表达。酵母单杂交（Y1H）和电泳迁移率转移（EMSA）实验均显示MdDof2.4能够结合含有In-868的MdPAT10启动子（MdPAT10proIn-868），而不能结合不含In-868的MdPAT10启动子（MdPAT10pro）。此外，MdDof2.4促进了MdPAT10（与MdPAT10proIn-868）的表达，增加了果实中原花青素的积累。综上所述，本研究增强了对苹果多酚生物合成调控的认识，为选育最佳多酚含量的苹果品种提供了理论基础和遗传资源。

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来源期刊

Horticulture Research Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology-Biochemistry

CiteScore

11.20

自引率

6.90%

发文量

367

审稿时长

20 weeks

期刊介绍： Horticulture Research, an open access journal affiliated with Nanjing Agricultural University, has achieved the prestigious ranking of number one in the Horticulture category of the Journal Citation Reports ™ from Clarivate, 2022. As a leading publication in the field, the journal is dedicated to disseminating original research articles, comprehensive reviews, insightful perspectives, thought-provoking comments, and valuable correspondence articles and letters to the editor. Its scope encompasses all vital aspects of horticultural plants and disciplines, such as biotechnology, breeding, cellular and molecular biology, evolution, genetics, inter-species interactions, physiology, and the origination and domestication of crops.