Empty nose syndrome: new insights from a CFD approach.

IF 1.9 3区 医学 Q2 OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY
Francisco Esteban-Ortega, Lina Rosique-López, Jaime A Ochoa-Ríos, Rafael Rodríguez-Romero, Manuel A Burgos-Olmos
{"title":"Empty nose syndrome: new insights from a CFD approach.","authors":"Francisco Esteban-Ortega, Lina Rosique-López, Jaime A Ochoa-Ríos, Rafael Rodríguez-Romero, Manuel A Burgos-Olmos","doi":"10.1007/s00405-024-09122-w","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Empty Nose Syndrome (ENS) is a debilitating condition which usually arises after aggressive turbinate reduction. However, objective tests to help in the diagnosis of this condition are lacking. Accurate diagnosis of ENS patients is critical for effective diagnosis and treatment. The article's objectives are to utilize computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to analyze nasal airflow resistance and symmetry in suspected ENS patients, classify them into distinct groups based on CFD data, and demonstrate the potential of CFD analysis in refining ENS diagnosis and guiding individualized treatment strategies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study involved 48 patients diagnosed of ENS. However, we only considered those patients with documented prior turbinate surgery (eventually plus septal surgery), CT scan with signs of prior surgery, and a history of ENS with symptoms included in the ENS Q6. We employed computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to analyze nasal airflow resistance and symmetry. Patients were classified into three groups based on their CFD data: low resistance and normal symmetry, evident asymmetry, and normal CFD parameters.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Half of patients (24 out of 48) were found in the low resistance and normal symmetry group, indicating 'typical' ENS. A smaller group (8) exhibited evident asymmetry, suggesting unilateral ENS or failure of previous surgery. Finally, 16 patients whose CFD parameters are inside the normal range of flow and resistance were classified in the normal breathing group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings highlight the value of CFD analysis in classifying ENS patients based on airflow characteristics, as CFD analysis seems helpful in refining the diagnosis of ENS. This classification system can potentially aid in tailoring individual treatment strategies and improving patient outcomes. Further research is necessary to validate these results and explore the clinical implications of different ENS subgroups.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level 4 [1].</p>","PeriodicalId":11952,"journal":{"name":"European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9000,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-024-09122-w","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objectives: Empty Nose Syndrome (ENS) is a debilitating condition which usually arises after aggressive turbinate reduction. However, objective tests to help in the diagnosis of this condition are lacking. Accurate diagnosis of ENS patients is critical for effective diagnosis and treatment. The article's objectives are to utilize computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to analyze nasal airflow resistance and symmetry in suspected ENS patients, classify them into distinct groups based on CFD data, and demonstrate the potential of CFD analysis in refining ENS diagnosis and guiding individualized treatment strategies.

Methods: This study involved 48 patients diagnosed of ENS. However, we only considered those patients with documented prior turbinate surgery (eventually plus septal surgery), CT scan with signs of prior surgery, and a history of ENS with symptoms included in the ENS Q6. We employed computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to analyze nasal airflow resistance and symmetry. Patients were classified into three groups based on their CFD data: low resistance and normal symmetry, evident asymmetry, and normal CFD parameters.

Results: Half of patients (24 out of 48) were found in the low resistance and normal symmetry group, indicating 'typical' ENS. A smaller group (8) exhibited evident asymmetry, suggesting unilateral ENS or failure of previous surgery. Finally, 16 patients whose CFD parameters are inside the normal range of flow and resistance were classified in the normal breathing group.

Conclusions: Our findings highlight the value of CFD analysis in classifying ENS patients based on airflow characteristics, as CFD analysis seems helpful in refining the diagnosis of ENS. This classification system can potentially aid in tailoring individual treatment strategies and improving patient outcomes. Further research is necessary to validate these results and explore the clinical implications of different ENS subgroups.

Level of evidence: Level 4 [1].

求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 求助全文
来源期刊
CiteScore
5.30
自引率
7.70%
发文量
537
审稿时长
2-4 weeks
期刊介绍: Official Journal of European Union of Medical Specialists – ORL Section and Board Official Journal of Confederation of European Oto-Rhino-Laryngology Head and Neck Surgery "European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology" publishes original clinical reports and clinically relevant experimental studies, as well as short communications presenting new results of special interest. With peer review by a respected international editorial board and prompt English-language publication, the journal provides rapid dissemination of information by authors from around the world. This particular feature makes it the journal of choice for readers who want to be informed about the continuing state of the art concerning basic sciences and the diagnosis and management of diseases of the head and neck on an international level. European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology was founded in 1864 as "Archiv für Ohrenheilkunde" by A. von Tröltsch, A. Politzer and H. Schwartze.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信