Observed Prevalence of Congenital Situs Inversus in the United States Before and During the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic, 2017–2022

IF 1.6 4区医学 Q4 DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY

Birth Defects Research Pub Date : 2024-12-12 DOI:10.1002/bdr2.2424

Janet D. Cragan, Sook-Ja Cho, Nina Forestieri, Michele Hort, Eirini Nestoridi, Cynthia A. Moore, Erin Stallings, Elizabeth B. Gray, Jennita Reefhuis

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Reports from China describe an increase in the frequency of fetal situs inversus in 2023 after the country's “zero-Covid” policy was lifted, suggesting an association with maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, a report of birth defects surveillance data from Scandinavia observed no sustained increase during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic (2020–2022 vs. 2018–2019). We examined birth defects surveillance data to assess any increase in situs inversus in the U.S. during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.

Methods

We combined data from four population-based birth defects programs in Massachusetts, Minnesota, North Carolina, and Atlanta, Georgia, to compare the prevalence of situs inversus among infants and fetuses delivered before (2017–2019) and during (2021–2022) the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. We defined situs inversus as mirror-image transposition of the heart and/or other organs, or primary ciliary dyskinesis with situs inversus, excluding isolated dextrocardia. The programs varied in the pregnancy outcomes included (live births ± non-live births); all included both prenatal and postnatal diagnoses.

Results

We identified 294 infants and fetuses with situs inversus (6.8% non-live births). We estimated the combined prevalence per 10,000 live births as 1.72 during the pandemic versus 1.71 before the pandemic (OR = 1.005; 95% CI: 0.778–1.297). The estimated annual prevalence ranged from 1.41 in 2017 to 2.21 in 2019 with no significant trend across the study period (p = 0.39).

Conclusions

We did not observe an increase in situs inversus during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Because information about SARS-CoV-2 infection among individual pregnancies was not available from all programs, we could not assess a specific association with maternal infection.

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来源期刊

Birth Defects Research Medicine-Embryology

CiteScore

3.60

自引率

9.50%

发文量

153

期刊介绍： The journal Birth Defects Research publishes original research and reviews in areas related to the etiology of adverse developmental and reproductive outcome. In particular the journal is devoted to the publication of original scientific research that contributes to the understanding of the biology of embryonic development and the prenatal causative factors and mechanisms leading to adverse pregnancy outcomes, namely structural and functional birth defects, pregnancy loss, postnatal functional defects in the human population, and to the identification of prenatal factors and biological mechanisms that reduce these risks. Adverse reproductive and developmental outcomes may have genetic, environmental, nutritional or epigenetic causes. Accordingly, the journal Birth Defects Research takes an integrated, multidisciplinary approach in its organization and publication strategy. The journal Birth Defects Research contains separate sections for clinical and molecular teratology, developmental and reproductive toxicology, and reviews in developmental biology to acknowledge and accommodate the integrative nature of research in this field. Each section has a dedicated editor who is a leader in his/her field and who has full editorial authority in his/her area.