Climatic Controls on the Length and Shape of the World's Drainage Basins

IF 4.6 1区 地球科学 Q1 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Michael Bliss Singer, Stuart W. D. Grieve, Shiuan-An Chen, Katerina Michaelides
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Abstract

Climate is thought to affect the structure and evolution of drainage basins, but it is not clear how climate impacts the power law scaling between channel length and drainage area. Since climate controls runoff, streamflow, and erosion regimes, we looked for dependency of drainage basin morphometrics on climate within a near-global data set. We show that increasingly arid regions have longer channels and narrower drainage basins, and power law scaling between channel length and basin area (Hack's Law) increases monotonically with aridity. We suggest these results arise due to downstream channel extension by rare large floods that erode channels into previously unchanneled terrain, yielding a morphometric signature in drylands that is preserved over long timescales due to a lack of subsequent topographic smoothing. This new understanding of drainage basin morphometrics on Earth may be used to inform interpretations of past climates on our planet and other solar system bodies.

Abstract Image

气候对世界流域长度和形状的控制
气候被认为影响流域的结构和演化,但气候如何影响河道长度和流域面积之间的幂律标度尚不清楚。由于气候控制着径流、水流和侵蚀机制,我们在近全球数据集中寻找流域形态计量学对气候的依赖关系。研究表明,干旱程度越高的地区河道越长,流域越窄,河道长度与流域面积的幂律(哈克定律)随干旱程度的增加而单调增加。我们认为,这些结果是由于罕见的大洪水导致下游河道延伸,这些洪水将河道侵蚀到以前未形成的地形中,在干旱地区产生了一种形态特征,由于缺乏随后的地形平滑,这种特征在很长时间尺度上得以保存。这种对地球流域形态计量学的新认识可以用来解释我们的星球和其他太阳系天体过去的气候。
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来源期刊
Geophysical Research Letters
Geophysical Research Letters 地学-地球科学综合
CiteScore
9.00
自引率
9.60%
发文量
1588
审稿时长
2.2 months
期刊介绍: Geophysical Research Letters (GRL) publishes high-impact, innovative, and timely research on major scientific advances in all the major geoscience disciplines. Papers are communications-length articles and should have broad and immediate implications in their discipline or across the geosciences. GRLmaintains the fastest turn-around of all high-impact publications in the geosciences and works closely with authors to ensure broad visibility of top papers.
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