Asociación entre obesidad y Long-Covid: una revisión narrativa

Abstract

To analyze the evidence in the scientific literature that relates Long-Covid and obesity, a narrative review of articles published in English and Spanish in Medline and Embase in the last 5 years has been carried out. Infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus causes a systemic inflammatory state increasing nutritional demand that favors sarcopenia in Long-Covid syndrome. It also causes endothelial dysfunction and a prothrombotic state that favors the formation of microthrombi and tissue hypoxia. A healthy and balanced diet is essential to treat obesity in addition to modifying the microbiota in Long-Covid and promoting physical and mental well-being. Obesity is an independent risk factor that increases the need for hospitalization, cardiovascular risk and mortality, as well as susceptibility to Long-Covid. Adipose tissue is a good reservoir of the virus, enhancing the comorbidities associated with obesity (high blood pressure, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia or fatty liver). There is insufficient evidence to recommend nutritional supplements to improve Long-Covid symptoms.