Grafting with non-suckering rootstock increases drought tolerance in Corylus avellana L. through physiological and biochemical adjustments.

IF 5.4 2区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES
Amedeo Moine, Walter Chitarra, Luca Nerva, Chiara Agliassa, Giorgio Gambino, Francesca Secchi, Chiara Pagliarani, Paolo Boccacci
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Abstract

Physiological and molecular mechanisms underpinning plant water stress responses still need deeper investigation. Particularly, the analysis of rootstock-mediated signals represents a complex research field, offering potential applicative perspectives for improving the adaptation of fruit crops to environmental stresses. Nonetheless, fundamental knowledge on this subject needs to be widened, especially in some woody species, including European hazelnut (Corylus avellana L). To fill these gaps, we inspected dynamic changes in gas exchanges and stem water potential of two hazelnut genotypes, the 'San Giovanni' cultivar (SG), the non-suckering rootstock 'Dundee' (D), and their heterograft (SG/D), during a drought stress treatment followed by recovery. Biometric and anatomical traits were measured at the beginning and end of water stress imposition. Additionally, differences in abscisic acid and proline contents were analysed in leaves and roots taken from well-irrigated, stressed and recovered plants, in combination with expression profiles of candidate genes. Grafting with 'Dundee' rootstock positively affected the ability of 'San Giovanni' plants to endure drought by increasing their intrinsic water use efficiency and facilitating post-rehydration recovery. Although anatomical adjustments occurred, we showed that the improved stress adaptation of grafted plants rather depended on biochemical modifications, resulting in increased root proline concentrations and leaf ABA accumulation both during water stress and recovery. We also proved that those metabolic changes were controlled by a differential reprogramming of genes involved in hormone metabolism and stress defence. Grafting with non-suckering rootstocks could therefore represent a promising and environmentally-friendly strategy for improving the adaptability of hazelnut to water deficit.

无茎砧木嫁接可通过生理生化调节提高榛的抗旱性。
植物水分胁迫反应的生理和分子机制仍需深入研究。特别是,砧木介导信号的分析是一个复杂的研究领域,为提高水果作物对环境胁迫的适应性提供了潜在的应用前景。尽管如此,关于这一主题的基本知识还需要扩大,特别是在一些木本物种中,包括欧洲榛子(Corylus avellana L)。为了填补这些空白,我们研究了两种榛子基因型,“San Giovanni”栽培品种(SG),不吸根的“Dundee”砧木(D)及其异种嫁接(SG/D)在干旱胁迫处理后恢复期间的气体交换和茎水势的动态变化。在施加水分胁迫的开始和结束时测量了生物特征和解剖特征。此外,结合候选基因的表达谱,分析了良好灌溉、胁迫和恢复植株叶片和根系中脱落酸和脯氨酸含量的差异。嫁接‘Dundee’砧木对‘San Giovanni’植株抗旱能力产生了积极影响,提高了植株的内在水分利用效率,促进了复水后的恢复。虽然发生了解剖学上的调整,但我们发现嫁接植物的逆境适应能力的提高更依赖于生化修饰,从而导致水分胁迫和恢复期间根脯氨酸浓度和叶片ABA积累的增加。我们还证明了这些代谢变化是由激素代谢和应激防御相关基因的差异重编程控制的。因此,用不吸水的砧木嫁接可能是提高榛子对水分亏缺适应性的一种有前途的环保策略。
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来源期刊
Physiologia plantarum
Physiologia plantarum 生物-植物科学
CiteScore
11.00
自引率
3.10%
发文量
224
审稿时长
3.9 months
期刊介绍: Physiologia Plantarum is an international journal committed to publishing the best full-length original research papers that advance our understanding of primary mechanisms of plant development, growth and productivity as well as plant interactions with the biotic and abiotic environment. All organisational levels of experimental plant biology – from molecular and cell biology, biochemistry and biophysics to ecophysiology and global change biology – fall within the scope of the journal. The content is distributed between 5 main subject areas supervised by Subject Editors specialised in the respective domain: (1) biochemistry and metabolism, (2) ecophysiology, stress and adaptation, (3) uptake, transport and assimilation, (4) development, growth and differentiation, (5) photobiology and photosynthesis.
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