Carlos Novoa, Prescilla Garcia-Trevizo, Thomas J Gould
{"title":"Age is associated with altered locomotor and hypothermic response to acute nicotine.","authors":"Carlos Novoa, Prescilla Garcia-Trevizo, Thomas J Gould","doi":"10.1097/FBP.0000000000000804","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cigarette smoking is at an all-time low. However, nicotine consumption has diversified with the introduction of commercial tobacco products that include Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems. Nicotine is the main psychoactive component of tobacco and contributes to the addictive properties of tobacco products. Prolonged nicotine exposure induces neural adaptations that promote addiction-related behaviors in an age-dependent manner. Here, we investigated nicotine sensitivity among young adult and middle-aged male mice by comparing initial responses to nicotine tartrate from different suppliers. We observed that all nicotine compounds tested in the present study induced a robust reduction in locomotor activity and body temperature, and nicotine exposure resulted in increased serum cotinine concentration. We observed age-related differences in the magnitude and the time course of nicotine responses for locomotor and hypothermic effects. Reduction in locomotor activity was larger among young adult mice, but the time course of this response was similar for both age groups. Nicotine-induced reduction in body temperature was of a comparable magnitude for both age groups but young adults showed a faster decrease than middle-aged mice. These results suggest that age of exposure is a key factor contributing to nicotine sensitivity and its potential addictive effects. These responses were consistently produced for nicotine tartrate from different sources. Our findings reveal distinct responses between young adults and middle-aged mice, suggesting that age-specific neurobiological mechanisms in nicotine sensitivity continue developing into adulthood. These age-related variations in nicotine response are crucial for developing targeted interventions and understanding the risk factors for nicotine dependence across the lifespan.</p>","PeriodicalId":8832,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6000,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Behavioural Pharmacology","FirstCategoryId":"102","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1097/FBP.0000000000000804","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Cigarette smoking is at an all-time low. However, nicotine consumption has diversified with the introduction of commercial tobacco products that include Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems. Nicotine is the main psychoactive component of tobacco and contributes to the addictive properties of tobacco products. Prolonged nicotine exposure induces neural adaptations that promote addiction-related behaviors in an age-dependent manner. Here, we investigated nicotine sensitivity among young adult and middle-aged male mice by comparing initial responses to nicotine tartrate from different suppliers. We observed that all nicotine compounds tested in the present study induced a robust reduction in locomotor activity and body temperature, and nicotine exposure resulted in increased serum cotinine concentration. We observed age-related differences in the magnitude and the time course of nicotine responses for locomotor and hypothermic effects. Reduction in locomotor activity was larger among young adult mice, but the time course of this response was similar for both age groups. Nicotine-induced reduction in body temperature was of a comparable magnitude for both age groups but young adults showed a faster decrease than middle-aged mice. These results suggest that age of exposure is a key factor contributing to nicotine sensitivity and its potential addictive effects. These responses were consistently produced for nicotine tartrate from different sources. Our findings reveal distinct responses between young adults and middle-aged mice, suggesting that age-specific neurobiological mechanisms in nicotine sensitivity continue developing into adulthood. These age-related variations in nicotine response are crucial for developing targeted interventions and understanding the risk factors for nicotine dependence across the lifespan.
期刊介绍:
Behavioural Pharmacology accepts original full and short research reports in diverse areas ranging from ethopharmacology to the pharmacology of schedule-controlled operant behaviour, provided that their primary focus is behavioural. Suitable topics include drug, chemical and hormonal effects on behaviour, the neurochemical mechanisms under-lying behaviour, and behavioural methods for the study of drug action. Both animal and human studies are welcome; however, studies reporting neurochemical data should have a predominantly behavioural focus, and human studies should not consist exclusively of clinical trials or case reports. Preference is given to studies that demonstrate and develop the potential of behavioural methods, and to papers reporting findings of direct relevance to clinical problems. Papers making a significant theoretical contribution are particularly welcome and, where possible and merited, space is made available for authors to explore fully the theoretical implications of their findings. Reviews of an area of the literature or at an appropriate stage in the development of an author’s own work are welcome. Commentaries in areas of current interest are also considered for publication, as are Reviews and Commentaries in areas outside behavioural pharmacology, but of importance and interest to behavioural pharmacologists. Behavioural Pharmacology publishes frequent Special Issues on current hot topics. The editors welcome correspondence about whether a paper in preparation might be suitable for inclusion in a Special Issue.