Tough and circular glass fiber composites via a tailored dynamic boronic ester interface†‡

IF 12.2 2区 材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Menisha S. Karunarathna, Md Anisur Rahman, Guang Yang, Catalin Gainaru, Zoriana Demchuck, Christopher C. Bowland, Harry M. Meyer, Natasha Ghezawi and Tomonori Saito
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) composites are valued for their strength and cost-effectiveness. However, traditional GFRPs often face challenges for end-of-life recycling due to their non-depolymerizable thermoset matrices, and long-term performance due to inadequate interfacial adhesion, which can lead to fiber–matrix delamination. Here, we have designed dynamic fiber–matrix interfaces to allow tough and closed-loop recyclable GFRPs by utilizing a vitrimer, derived from upcycled polystyrene-b-poly(ethylene-co-butylene)-b-polystyrene (SEBS) with boronic ester (S-Bpin) and amine-based diol crosslinker. The boronic ester groups in S-Bpin form dynamic covalent bonds with the naturally present hydroxyl groups on the unsized GF surface, which eliminates the need for fiber sizing and enables facile closed-loop recyclability of both the fibers and the vitrimer matrix. The resulting strong fiber–matrix interface, depicted by the Raman mapping, leads to a 552% increase in-plane shear toughness (6.2 ± 0.3 MJ m−3) and 27% ultimate tensile strength (361 ± 89.2 MPa) compared to those of the conventional epoxy-based matrix (0.95 ± 0.05 MJ m−3 and 264 ± 59.7 MPa, respectively). The network rearrangement through dynamic boronic ester exchange enables fast thermoformability and repairability of micro-cracks at elevated temperatures. Additionally, both the matrix and composite demonstrate strong adhesion to various surfaces including steel and glasses exhibiting ≥6 MPa lap shear strength, which expands their suitability for diverse industrial applications. The readily created dynamic interface between boronic ester functionalized vitrimer and neat GFs presents a promising strategy for developing closed-loop recyclable, multifunctional structural materials, offering a sustainable alternative to non-recyclable thermoset GFRPs and contributes to a circular economy in composite materials.

Abstract Image

韧性和圆形玻璃纤维复合材料通过定制的动态硼酯界面。
玻璃纤维增强聚合物(GFRP)复合材料因其强度和成本效益而受到重视。然而,传统的gfrp由于其不可解聚的热固性基质,以及由于界面粘附不足而导致纤维基质分层的长期性能,经常面临报废回收的挑战。在这里,我们设计了动态纤维-基体界面,利用一种玻璃体,该玻璃体由升级回收的聚苯乙烯-b-聚(乙烯-共丁烯)-b-聚苯乙烯(SEBS)与硼酯(S-Bpin)和胺基二醇交联剂衍生而来,使gfrp具有韧性和闭环可回收性。S-Bpin中的硼酯基团与未上浆的GF表面天然存在的羟基形成动态共价键,从而消除了纤维上浆的需要,并使纤维和玻璃体基质易于闭环回收。与传统的环氧基基体(分别为0.95±0.05 MJ -3和264±59.7 MPa)相比,由此产生的强纤维-基体界面(通过拉曼映射描述)使面内剪切韧性增加552%(6.2±0.3 MJ -3),极限抗拉强度增加27%(361±89.2 MPa)。通过动态硼酯交换的网络重排使微裂纹在高温下具有快速热成型性和可修复性。此外,基体和复合材料在各种表面上都表现出很强的附着力,包括钢和玻璃,抗剪强度≥6 MPa,这扩大了它们在各种工业应用中的适用性。硼酯功能化玻璃体和纯GFs之间容易创建的动态界面为开发闭环可回收的多功能结构材料提供了一个有前途的策略,为不可回收的热固性gfrp提供了可持续的替代方案,并有助于复合材料的循环经济。
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来源期刊
Materials Horizons
Materials Horizons CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
CiteScore
18.90
自引率
2.30%
发文量
306
审稿时长
1.3 months
期刊介绍: Materials Horizons is a leading journal in materials science that focuses on publishing exceptionally high-quality and innovative research. The journal prioritizes original research that introduces new concepts or ways of thinking, rather than solely reporting technological advancements. However, groundbreaking articles featuring record-breaking material performance may also be published. To be considered for publication, the work must be of significant interest to our community-spanning readership. Starting from 2021, all articles published in Materials Horizons will be indexed in MEDLINE©. The journal publishes various types of articles, including Communications, Reviews, Opinion pieces, Focus articles, and Comments. It serves as a core journal for researchers from academia, government, and industry across all areas of materials research. Materials Horizons is a Transformative Journal and compliant with Plan S. It has an impact factor of 13.3 and is indexed in MEDLINE.
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