Heterogeneity in Prescription Opioid Misuse Motives by Age in Adolescents and Young Adults in the United States.

IF 4.2 3区医学 Q1 SUBSTANCE ABUSE

Journal of Addiction Medicine Pub Date : 2024-12-09 DOI:10.1097/ADM.0000000000001428

Ty S Schepis, Jason A Ford, Philip T Veliz, Brady T West, Sean Esteban McCabe

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objective: Adolescent (12-17 years) and young adult (18-25 years) prescription opioid misuse (POM) is linked to poor health outcomes. We investigated how POM motives vary across these ages and the potential links between motives and other substance use, mental health, and sociodemographic characteristics to help guide screening and prevention.

Methods: Pooled 2015-2019 US National Survey on Drug Use and Health data were used, with 137,858 participants. Cross-tabulations estimated prevalence of individual motives and motive category by age. Mutually exclusive motive categories were no past-year POM, pain relief only, pain/sleep/relax (ie, some combination of only these motives), and any non-self-treatment motives (eg, get high, experiment). Logistic regression models evaluated links between motive category and sociodemographic, mental health, and substance use (eg, alcohol, cannabis, nicotine, other prescription misuse) outcomes by age group, versus reference groups of no past-year POM or pain relief only.

Results: Pain relief was the most common POM motive (estimated at >50% at all ages), but POM for non-self-treatment motives was the most common category after 14 years. POM for non-self-treatment motives had the highest adjusted odds ratios (aORs) of all substance use and mental health characteristics (eg, past-year substance use disorder aORs of 6.11 in adolescents [95% confidence interval (CI), 4.23-8.85] and 4.81 [95% CI, 4.01-5.77] in young adults, versus the pain relief only reference).

Conclusions: POM for any non-self-treatment motives is linked to the highest prevalence of other substance use and mental health concerns, whereas POM for pain relief also signals a need for substance use and mental health screening.

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处方阿片类药物滥用动机的异质性在美国青少年和年轻人的年龄。

目的：青少年（12-17岁）和年轻人（18-25岁）处方阿片类药物滥用（POM）与不良健康结果有关。我们调查了这些年龄段的POM动机是如何变化的，以及动机与其他物质使用、心理健康和社会人口特征之间的潜在联系，以帮助指导筛查和预防。方法：汇总2015-2019年美国国家药物使用和健康调查数据，共有137,858名参与者。交叉表估计了按年龄划分的个人动机和动机类别的流行程度。互斥的动机类别是没有过去一年的POM，仅缓解疼痛，疼痛/睡眠/放松（即仅这些动机的某些组合），以及任何非自我治疗动机（例如，获得快感，实验）。逻辑回归模型评估了动机类别与社会人口学、心理健康和物质使用（如酒精、大麻、尼古丁、其他处方滥用）结果之间的联系，并按年龄组与过去一年没有POM或仅疼痛缓解的参照组进行了比较。结果：疼痛缓解是最常见的POM动机（估计在所有年龄段中占50%），但14年后非自我治疗动机的POM是最常见的类别。非自我治疗动机的POM在所有物质使用和心理健康特征中具有最高的调整优势比（aor）（例如，青少年过去一年的物质使用障碍的调整优势比为6.11[95%可信区间（CI）， 4.23-8.85]，年轻人的调整优势比为4.81 [95% CI, 4.01-5.77]，而仅参考疼痛缓解）。结论：任何非自我治疗动机的POM与其他物质使用和心理健康问题的最高患病率有关，而缓解疼痛的POM也表明需要进行物质使用和心理健康筛查。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Addiction Medicine 医学-药物滥用

CiteScore

6.10

自引率

9.10%

发文量

260

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： The mission of Journal of Addiction Medicine, the official peer-reviewed journal of the American Society of Addiction Medicine, is to promote excellence in the practice of addiction medicine and in clinical research as well as to support Addiction Medicine as a mainstream medical sub-specialty. Under the guidance of an esteemed Editorial Board, peer-reviewed articles published in the Journal focus on developments in addiction medicine as well as on treatment innovations and ethical, economic, forensic, and social topics including: •addiction and substance use in pregnancy •adolescent addiction and at-risk use •the drug-exposed neonate •pharmacology •all psychoactive substances relevant to addiction, including alcohol, nicotine, caffeine, marijuana, opioids, stimulants and other prescription and illicit substances •diagnosis •neuroimaging techniques •treatment of special populations •treatment, early intervention and prevention of alcohol and drug use disorders •methodological issues in addiction research •pain and addiction, prescription drug use disorder •co-occurring addiction, medical and psychiatric disorders •pathological gambling disorder, sexual and other behavioral addictions •pathophysiology of addiction •behavioral and pharmacological treatments •issues in graduate medical education •recovery •health services delivery •ethical, legal and liability issues in addiction medicine practice •drug testing •self- and mutual-help.