Immunological Mechanisms of Sensorineural Hearing Impairment in Patients with Different Clinical Phenotypes of Chronic Rhinosinusitis: A Narrative Review.

IF 2.9 4区医学 Q3 IMMUNOLOGY

Immunological Investigations Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-09 DOI:10.1080/08820139.2024.2437638

Aleksandar Peric, Dragoslava Djeric

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: In this review article, we aimed to discuss the pathogenesis of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) in patients with different forms of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), with special reference to the connection of the immune response of the nasal and middle ear mucosa and inner ear structures.

Methods: Articles for this review were identified using PubMed and Google© Scholar databases.

Results: Different phenotypes of CRS may be associated with impaired function of the inner and outer cells of the organ of Corti. This is primarily due to the secondary CRS, which occurs within systemic diseases, such as granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) and eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA). Also, the tetrad, which includes CRS with nasal polyps, non-allergic asthma, hypersensitivity to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and so-called eosinophilic otitis media can lead to SNHL.

Conclusion: Previous studies suggest that disrupted harmony between the immune response in the nasal and middle ear mucosa and inner ear structures may contribute to developing SNHL in CRS patients. This especially applies to CRS as part of NSAID-exacerbated respiratory disease and systemic necrotizing vasculitis, including GPA and EGPA. However, the exact mechanisms of development of SNHL in different forms of CRS have not been sufficiently investigated and new studies are necessary soon. Apart from the pathophysiological basis of SNHL, different therapeutic approaches in the clinical phenotypes of CRS have also been discussed.

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慢性鼻窦炎不同临床表型患者感音神经性听力障碍的免疫学机制：述评

背景：在这篇综述文章中，我们旨在讨论不同形式的慢性鼻窦炎（CRS）患者感音神经性听力损失（SNHL）的发病机制，特别是鼻腔和中耳粘膜的免疫反应与内耳结构之间的联系：方法：通过 PubMed 和 Google© Scholar 数据库查找相关文章：结果：CRS 的不同表型可能与 Corti 器官内外细胞功能受损有关。这主要是由于继发性 CRS 发生在全身性疾病中，如肉芽肿伴多血管炎（GPA）和嗜酸性肉芽肿伴多血管炎（EGPA）。此外，包括CRS伴鼻息肉、非过敏性哮喘、对非甾体抗炎药（NSAIDs）过敏和所谓的嗜酸性中耳炎在内的四联症也可能导致SNHL：以往的研究表明，鼻腔和中耳粘膜与内耳结构之间的免疫反应失调可能会导致 CRS 患者出现 SNHL。这尤其适用于作为非甾体抗炎药加重的呼吸系统疾病和全身坏死性血管炎（包括 GPA 和 EGPA）一部分的 CRS。然而，不同形式的CRS引起SNHL的确切机制尚未得到充分研究，因此有必要尽快开展新的研究。除了 SNHL 的病理生理学基础外，还讨论了针对 CRS 临床表型的不同治疗方法。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Immunological Investigations 医学-免疫学

CiteScore

5.50

自引率

7.10%

发文量

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： Disseminating immunological developments on a worldwide basis, Immunological Investigations encompasses all facets of fundamental and applied immunology, including immunohematology and the study of allergies. This journal provides information presented in the form of original research articles and book reviews, giving a truly in-depth examination of the latest advances in molecular and cellular immunology.