Identifying spatial drivers of soil heavy metal pollution risk integrating positive matrix factorization, machine learning, and multi-scale geographically weighted regression

IF 12.2 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Journal of Hazardous Materials Pub Date : 2024-12-10 DOI:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.136841

Yujie Pan, Anmeng Sha, Wenjing Han, Chang Liu, Guowangchen Liu, Emily Welsch, Min Zeng, Shasha Xu, Yi Zhao, Shang Tian, Yiyi Li, Rui Deng, Xin Zhang, Huanhuan Shi, Yu Cui, Changsheng Huang, Hongxia Peng

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Abstract

Soil heavy metal (HMs) contamination poses significant ecological and health risks, yet the spatial drivers of HMs pollution remain poorly understood. This study integrates pollution risk assessment, positive matrix factorization, machine learning, and multi-scale geographically weighted regression to develop a framework for identifying the spatial drivers of soil HMs contamination risk in Yangtze River New City, China. Analysis of 7,152 samples revealed that although average HMs concentrations were below national standards, As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, and Ni exceeded local background levels. Four key factors were identified as drivers of HMs contamination: natural sources (30.36%, influenced by soil type), mixed agricultural and transportation sources (29.56%, driven by cropland, aquaculture, and road density), human activities (12.68%, including population density and community activities), and industrial sources (27.42%, linked to factories and enterprises). Regional variations indicated that industrial activities, transportation, and human activities primarily influenced health risks, while agriculture and natural factors had a greater impact on ecological and environmental capacity risks. These findings underscore the importance of considering spatial heterogeneity in HMs pollution risk assessments and offer insights for developing targeted, region-specific policies to mitigate pollution risks of soil HMs.

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来源期刊

Journal of Hazardous Materials 工程技术-工程：环境

CiteScore

25.40

自引率

5.90%

发文量

3059

审稿时长

58 days

期刊介绍： The Journal of Hazardous Materials serves as a global platform for promoting cutting-edge research in the field of Environmental Science and Engineering. Our publication features a wide range of articles, including full-length research papers, review articles, and perspectives, with the aim of enhancing our understanding of the dangers and risks associated with various materials concerning public health and the environment. It is important to note that the term "environmental contaminants" refers specifically to substances that pose hazardous effects through contamination, while excluding those that do not have such impacts on the environment or human health. Moreover, we emphasize the distinction between wastes and hazardous materials in order to provide further clarity on the scope of the journal. We have a keen interest in exploring specific compounds and microbial agents that have adverse effects on the environment.