{"title":"Energy-based method for the failure criterion and resistance evaluation of marine clay under cyclic loading","authors":"Xing Xiao, Xin Guan, Qi Wu, Dingfeng Zhao, Ruirong Zhou, Guoxing Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.enggeo.2024.107833","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Energy dissipation can macroscopically synthesize the evolutions in the microstructure of the marine clay during cyclic loading. Hence an energy-based method was employed to investigate the failure criterion and cyclic resistance of marine clay. A series of constant-volume cyclic direct simple shear tests was conducted on undisturbed saturated marine clay from the Yangtze Estuary considering the effects of the plasticity index (<ce:italic>I</ce:italic><ce:inf loc=\"post\">P</ce:inf>) and cyclic stress ratio (<ce:italic>CSR</ce:italic>). The results indicated that a threshold <ce:italic>CSR</ce:italic> (<ce:italic>CSR</ce:italic><ce:inf loc=\"post\">th</ce:inf>) exhibiting a power function relationship with <ce:italic>I</ce:italic><ce:inf loc=\"post\">P</ce:inf> exists in marine clay, which divides the cyclic response into non-failure and failure states. For failed specimens, the development of energy dissipation per cycle (<ce:italic>W</ce:italic><ce:inf loc=\"post\"><ce:italic>i</ce:italic></ce:inf>) with the number of cycles (<ce:italic>N</ce:italic>) exhibited an inflection point owing to the onset of serious damage to the soil structure. In this regard, the energy-based failure criterion was proposed by considering the inflection point as the failure point. Consequently, a model was proposed to quantify the relationships between failure energy dissipation per cycle (<ce:italic>W</ce:italic><ce:inf loc=\"post\">f</ce:inf>) [or failure accumulative energy dissipation (<ce:italic>W</ce:italic><ce:inf loc=\"post\">af</ce:inf>)], initial vertical effective stress, <ce:italic>I</ce:italic><ce:inf loc=\"post\">P</ce:inf>, and the number of cycles to failure (<ce:italic>N</ce:italic><ce:inf loc=\"post\">f,E</ce:inf>). An evaluation model capturing the correlation among <ce:italic>CSR</ce:italic>, <ce:italic>I</ce:italic><ce:inf loc=\"post\">P,</ce:inf> and <ce:italic>N</ce:italic><ce:inf loc=\"post\">f,E</ce:inf> was then established to predict the cyclic resistance, and its applicability was verified. Compared with the strain-based cyclic failure criterion, the energy-based failure criterion provides a more robust and rational approach. Finally, a failure double-amplitude shear strain (<ce:italic>γ</ce:italic><ce:inf loc=\"post\">DA,f</ce:inf>) evaluation method applicable to marine clay in different seas was presented for use in practical geotechnical engineering.","PeriodicalId":11567,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Geology","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9000,"publicationDate":"2024-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Engineering Geology","FirstCategoryId":"89","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2024.107833","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, GEOLOGICAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Energy dissipation can macroscopically synthesize the evolutions in the microstructure of the marine clay during cyclic loading. Hence an energy-based method was employed to investigate the failure criterion and cyclic resistance of marine clay. A series of constant-volume cyclic direct simple shear tests was conducted on undisturbed saturated marine clay from the Yangtze Estuary considering the effects of the plasticity index (IP) and cyclic stress ratio (CSR). The results indicated that a threshold CSR (CSRth) exhibiting a power function relationship with IP exists in marine clay, which divides the cyclic response into non-failure and failure states. For failed specimens, the development of energy dissipation per cycle (Wi) with the number of cycles (N) exhibited an inflection point owing to the onset of serious damage to the soil structure. In this regard, the energy-based failure criterion was proposed by considering the inflection point as the failure point. Consequently, a model was proposed to quantify the relationships between failure energy dissipation per cycle (Wf) [or failure accumulative energy dissipation (Waf)], initial vertical effective stress, IP, and the number of cycles to failure (Nf,E). An evaluation model capturing the correlation among CSR, IP, and Nf,E was then established to predict the cyclic resistance, and its applicability was verified. Compared with the strain-based cyclic failure criterion, the energy-based failure criterion provides a more robust and rational approach. Finally, a failure double-amplitude shear strain (γDA,f) evaluation method applicable to marine clay in different seas was presented for use in practical geotechnical engineering.
期刊介绍:
Engineering Geology, an international interdisciplinary journal, serves as a bridge between earth sciences and engineering, focusing on geological and geotechnical engineering. It welcomes studies with relevance to engineering, environmental concerns, and safety, catering to engineering geologists with backgrounds in geology or civil/mining engineering. Topics include applied geomorphology, structural geology, geophysics, geochemistry, environmental geology, hydrogeology, land use planning, natural hazards, remote sensing, soil and rock mechanics, and applied geotechnical engineering. The journal provides a platform for research at the intersection of geology and engineering disciplines.