Deciphering the link between particulate organic matter molecular composition and lake eutrophication by FT-ICR MS analysis

IF 11.4 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Water Research Pub Date : 2024-12-07 DOI:10.1016/j.watres.2024.122936

Minli Guo , Mingxing Yu , Xu Wang , Naidong Xiao , Arnaud Huguet , Yunlin Zhang , Guanglong Liu

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Abstract

Eutrophication has emerged as a significant environmental problem for global lakes. As an essential carrier of nutrients, particulate organic matter (POM) plays a vital role in the eutrophication process of these aquatic systems. In this study, POM from seven lakes with different trophic states in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River (China) was characterized using carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes and Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS). The aim was to elucidate the relationship between the source and molecular composition of POM during the eutrophication process of lakes. The results indicated that POM was mainly composed of autochthonous (62.7%) and allochthonous (37.3%) sources, with the contribution from autochthonous sources being more pronounced across the different sources. The POM formulas mainly consisted of the subclasses CHO, CHON, CHOP, CHOS, and CHONS. Notably, CHOP formulas had the highest proportion of labile formula compounds, according for 51.56%. The unsaturation, aromaticity, and oxidation of unique POM formulas gradually decreased with increasing trophic states. A significant positive correlation was observed between CHOP and the percentage of labile compounds (MLB_L%) in unique POM formulas. The relative abundance of lipid and protein compounds of unique POM formulas showed a positive correlation with lake trophic states, which indicated that with the increase of lake trophic states, the content of autochthonous POM gradually increased. Herein, we inferred that with the intensification of lake eutrophication, the autochthonous POM increased, which was accompanied by a further increase of labile P-containing compounds in POM, thus leading to the increasing eutrophication process of lakes in the form of positive feedback. Overall, this investigation of POM at the molecular level illustrates the deep-rooted mechanism of frequent lake eutrophication. This is of great significance in understanding the fate of POM and effectively controlling lake eutrophication.

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FT-ICR质谱分析解读颗粒有机质分子组成与湖泊富营养化的关系

富营养化已成为全球湖泊面临的一个重大环境问题。颗粒物有机质（POM）作为营养物质的重要载体，在水体富营养化过程中起着至关重要的作用。利用碳、氮稳定同位素和傅里叶变换离子回旋共振质谱（FT-ICR MS）对长江中下游7个不同营养状态湖泊的POM进行了表征。目的是阐明湖泊富营养化过程中POM的来源与分子组成之间的关系。结果表明：土壤中POM主要由原生源（62.7%）和外来源（37.3%）组成，原生源对POM的贡献在不同来源中更为明显；POM公式主要由CHO、CHON、CHOP、CHOS和CHONS等子类组成。其中，CHOP配方中不稳定成分所占比例最高，为51.56%。独特的POM配方的不饱和性、芳香性和氧化性随着营养状态的增加而逐渐降低。在独特的POM配方中，CHOP与不稳定化合物的百分比（MLBL%）呈显著正相关。不同配方POM的脂质和蛋白质化合物的相对丰度与湖泊营养状态呈显著正相关，表明随着湖泊营养状态的增加，原生POM的含量逐渐增加。由此我们推断，随着湖泊富营养化程度的加剧，原生POM增加，同时POM中含磷活性化合物进一步增加，从而导致湖泊富营养化过程以正反馈的形式加剧。总之，从分子水平对POM的研究揭示了湖泊频繁富营养化的深层次机制。这对于认识聚甲醛的命运，有效控制湖泊富营养化具有重要意义。

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来源期刊

Water Research 环境科学-工程：环境

CiteScore

20.80

自引率

9.40%

发文量

1307

审稿时长

38 days

期刊介绍： Water Research, along with its open access companion journal Water Research X, serves as a platform for publishing original research papers covering various aspects of the science and technology related to the anthropogenic water cycle, water quality, and its management worldwide. The audience targeted by the journal comprises biologists, chemical engineers, chemists, civil engineers, environmental engineers, limnologists, and microbiologists. The scope of the journal include: •Treatment processes for water and wastewaters (municipal, agricultural, industrial, and on-site treatment), including resource recovery and residuals management; •Urban hydrology including sewer systems, stormwater management, and green infrastructure; •Drinking water treatment and distribution; •Potable and non-potable water reuse; •Sanitation, public health, and risk assessment; •Anaerobic digestion, solid and hazardous waste management, including source characterization and the effects and control of leachates and gaseous emissions; •Contaminants (chemical, microbial, anthropogenic particles such as nanoparticles or microplastics) and related water quality sensing, monitoring, fate, and assessment; •Anthropogenic impacts on inland, tidal, coastal and urban waters, focusing on surface and ground waters, and point and non-point sources of pollution; •Environmental restoration, linked to surface water, groundwater and groundwater remediation; •Analysis of the interfaces between sediments and water, and between water and atmosphere, focusing specifically on anthropogenic impacts; •Mathematical modelling, systems analysis, machine learning, and beneficial use of big data related to the anthropogenic water cycle; •Socio-economic, policy, and regulations studies.