Changes in chemical, physical and mechanical characteristics of three kinds of solid wood after one-sided surface charring

IF 2.4 3区 农林科学 Q1 FORESTRY
Carolina Tenorio, Roger Moya, Ricardo Starbird-Peréz
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Abstract

Surface charring is a wood modification process in which wood is charred by applying heat at high temperatures. Several tropical species from forest plantations have been widely studied for different wood modification processes in Costa Rica. This study aimed to investigate the effect of one-sided surface charring by using a heating plate at three different temperatures and determine the changes in the physical, mechanical, and chemical composition of Cupressus lusitanica, Gmelina arborea and Tectona grandis wood. The samples were placed between two metal plates and the bottom plate was heated at three target temperatures of 300 °C, 350 °C and 400 °C for 10 min, with a weight of 10 kg placed on the top plate to avoid deformations in the wood. The results demonstrated that the cellulose and lignin were not modified at 300 °C and 350°. FTIR spectrum showed a decrease in the peak associated with lignin (1434 and 810 cm− 1), cellulose (1700 − 1600, 1206, 1032, 1111 and 780 cm− 1) and hydroxyl groups of water (3400 and 2900 cm− 1) and a slight difference in relation to the parent wood. These chemical changes increased ash content, carbon content, charring thickness and transition thickness, but decreased moisture content, density, oxygen content and volatile matter. The strain (MOE) in bending is governed by the charring thickness of the surface-charred wood, but the stress (MOR) in bending depends on the charring temperature and density.

Abstract Image

三种实木单面炭化后化学、物理和机械特性的变化
表面炭化是一种木材改性过程,通过在高温下加热使木材炭化。哥斯达黎加对来自森林人工林的几种热带树种进行了广泛的木材改性研究。本研究通过三种不同温度下的加热板,研究了单向表面炭化的影响,并测定了路西塔尼柏木、绿木香木和大地木的物理、机械和化学成分的变化。样品置于两块金属板之间,底板在300°C、350°C和400°C三个目标温度下加热10分钟,顶板上放置10 kg的重物,以避免木材变形。结果表明,纤维素和木质素在300℃和350℃下均未发生改性。FTIR光谱显示木质素(1434和810 cm−1)、纤维素(1700 ~ 1600、1206、1032、1111和780 cm−1)和水羟基(3400和2900 cm−1)的峰值有所下降,与母材相比略有差异。这些化学变化增加了灰分含量、碳含量、炭化厚度和过渡厚度,但降低了水分含量、密度、氧含量和挥发物。弯曲应变(MOE)受表面炭化厚度的影响,而弯曲应力(MOR)则受炭化温度和密度的影响。
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来源期刊
European Journal of Wood and Wood Products
European Journal of Wood and Wood Products 工程技术-材料科学:纸与木材
CiteScore
5.40
自引率
3.80%
发文量
124
审稿时长
6.0 months
期刊介绍: European Journal of Wood and Wood Products reports on original research and new developments in the field of wood and wood products and their biological, chemical, physical as well as mechanical and technological properties, processes and uses. Subjects range from roundwood to wood based products, composite materials and structural applications, with related jointing techniques. Moreover, it deals with wood as a chemical raw material, source of energy as well as with inter-disciplinary aspects of environmental assessment and international markets. European Journal of Wood and Wood Products aims at promoting international scientific communication and transfer of new technologies from research into practice.
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