One health: Subchronic exposure to low ambient hydrogen sulfide increases mortality of influenza A virus infection in mice.

IF 7.7 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Dong-Suk Kim, Wahed Firoz, Cristina M Santana Maldonado, Phillip C Gauger, Abigail Weir, Nicole Baumgarth, Wilson K Rumbeiha
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The environment plays an important role in modulating susceptibility and severity of respiratory tract infections. Influenza is a significant zoonotic disease globally. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a respiratory tract irritant and toxic gas, is ubiquitous in the environment. The interaction of environmental H2S exposure and influenza is unknown. In this pilot study we tested the hypothesis that subchronic exposure to ambient H2S worsens the outcome of influenza A virus (IAV) infection in mice. Male C57BL6 mice were exposed either to room air (RA), or to 5 or 10 ppm H2S for 2 h, 5 days a week for 5 weeks, followed by a single exposure either to phosphate buffered saline (sham) or a sublethal IAV intranasal dose of 10 plaque-forming units and observed for up to 28 days post inoculation (DPI). 10 ppm H2S alone suppressed growth. Mice challenged with IAV following exposure to 5 or 10 ppm H2S were most severely affected and euthanized on DPI 6 to 7 or DPI 4, respectively. In contrast, mice exposed to RA and challenged with IAV only showed minor weight loss. Viral titer in lung homogenates was 11-fold higher in mice pre-exposed to 5 ppm H2S and challenged with IAV compared to the RA-IAV group on DPI 3. BALF concentrations of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10 cytokines were significantly higher in mice exposed to H2S and challenged with IAV compared to sham groups. Lung pathology was most severe in mice exposed to H2S and challenged with IAV. Collectively, the study shows that mice subchronically exposed to low levels of H2S overly reacted to a nonlethal dose of IAV, suffering severe lung injury and mortality. This suggests that communities and workers subchronically exposed to ambient H2S concentrations used in this study or higher are at higher risk for developing very severe IAV infections and mortality.

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来源期刊
Environmental Research
Environmental Research 环境科学-公共卫生、环境卫生与职业卫生
CiteScore
12.60
自引率
8.40%
发文量
2480
审稿时长
4.7 months
期刊介绍: The Environmental Research journal presents a broad range of interdisciplinary research, focused on addressing worldwide environmental concerns and featuring innovative findings. Our publication strives to explore relevant anthropogenic issues across various environmental sectors, showcasing practical applications in real-life settings.
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