Cytokine trajectory over time in men and women with HIV on long-term antiretroviral therapy.

IF 3.4 2区 医学 Q3 IMMUNOLOGY
AIDS Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-10 DOI:10.1097/QAD.0000000000004033
Christophe Vanpouille, Alan Wells, Victor DeGruttola, Miranda Lynch, Xinlian Zhang, Wendy Fitzgerald, Xin Tu, Antoine Chaillon, Alan Landay, Kathleen Weber, Eileen Scully, Jonathan Karn, Sara Gianella
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objective: Although antiretroviral therapy (ART) suppresses viral replication and reduces inflammation, it does not lead to the normalization of cytokines. The long-term effects of ART beyond viral suppression have not been studied and are mostly limited to cross-sectional research.

Design: The impact of long-term ART on the trajectory of 40 cytokines/chemokines in 31 men and 59 women who maintained viral suppression over a median period of 6 years (317 visits ranging from 24 to 384 weeks post ART initiation) were measured by Luminex.

Methods: We used a generalized additive model with a Gaussian distribution and identity link function to model concentrations over time and investigate sex and race differences.

Results: While most cytokine/chemokine trajectories remained stable, the trajectory of nine markers of monocyte/macrophage activation (IP-10, I-TAC, MIG, sCD163, sCD14, MCP-1, MIP-3β, CXCL13, TNF-α) decreased over time (adj. P < 0.05). Despite continuous viral suppression, M-CSF, IL-15, and LBP increased over time (adj. P < 0.05). sCD14 was the only cytokine whose trajectory differed by sex (adj. P = 0.033). Overall, women had lower mean levels of IL-18 but higher levels of sCD14 than did men (adj. P < 0.05). GROα, LBP, and sCD14 showed significant differences between races (adj. P < 0.05). No association between cytokines and cellular HIV DNA/RNA was found.

Conclusion: Our study reveals a continuous decline in markers of monocyte/macrophage activation over 6 years of suppressive ART, indicating that long-term treatment may mitigate inflammaging and cardiovascular-related outcomes. The higher levels of sCD14 observed in women are consistent with them having greater innate immune activation than men do.

接受长期抗逆转录病毒治疗的男性和女性HIV患者的细胞因子随时间的变化轨迹。
目的:虽然抗逆转录病毒治疗(ART)抑制病毒复制和减少炎症,但它不会导致细胞因子的正常化。除病毒抑制外,抗逆转录病毒治疗的长期效果尚未得到研究,而且大多局限于横断面研究。设计:Luminex测量了长期ART对31名男性和59名女性患者40种细胞因子/趋化因子轨迹的影响,这些患者在中位6年(ART开始后24至384周的317次就诊)期间保持病毒抑制。方法:我们使用高斯分布的广义加性模型和恒等链接函数来模拟浓度随时间的变化,并研究性别和种族的差异。结果:虽然大多数细胞因子/趋化因子的轨迹保持稳定,但9个单核细胞/巨噬细胞激活标记物(IP-10、I-TAC、MIG、sCD163、sCD14、MCP-1、MIP-3β、CXCL13、TNF-α)的轨迹随着时间的推移而下降(adj. P)。结论:我们的研究显示,在6年的抑制ART治疗中,单核细胞/巨噬细胞激活标记物持续下降,表明长期治疗可能减轻炎症和心血管相关结局。在女性中观察到的较高水平的sCD14与她们比男性具有更大的先天免疫激活相一致。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
AIDS
AIDS 医学-病毒学
CiteScore
5.90
自引率
5.30%
发文量
478
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: ​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​Publishing the very latest ground breaking research on HIV and AIDS. Read by all the top clinicians and researchers, AIDS has the highest impact of all AIDS-related journals. With 18 issues per year, AIDS guarantees the authoritative presentation of significant advances. The Editors, themselves noted international experts who know the demands of your work, are committed to making AIDS the most distinguished and innovative journal in the field. Submitted articles undergo a preliminary review by the editor. Some articles may be returned to authors without further consideration. Those being considered for publication will undergo further assessment and peer-review by the editors and those invited to do so from a reviewer pool.
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