Innate Immune Cell Functions Contribute to Spontaneous HIV Control.

IF 3.7 2区医学 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Current HIV/AIDS Reports Pub Date : 2024-11-30 DOI:10.1007/s11904-024-00713-0

Alisa Huber, Floor S Baas, Andre J A M van der Ven, Jéssica C Dos Santos

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Abstract

Purpose of review: To review the role of innate immune cells in shaping the viral reservoir and maintenance of long-term viral control of spontaneous Elite and Viremic HIV controllers.

Recent findings: HIV controllers exhibit a smaller and transcriptionally suppressed viral reservoir. Different studies report that early responses from innate cells play a pivotal role in this reservoir configuration. NK cells, particularly those with cytotoxic activity and polyfunctional monocytes, have been linked to viral control, and DCs may contribute through early viral sensing and activation of adaptive responses. In some cases, cytotoxic NK cells appeared before HIV-specific CD8 + T cells, underscoring their importance in early viral suppression. Innate immune cells, including NK cells, monocytes, DCs, and γδ T-cells, are crucial in shaping the viral reservoir in HIV controllers. Early, robust innate responses may help to maintain long-term viral suppression and offer insights into potential therapeutic approaches.

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先天免疫细胞功能有助于自发控制HIV。

综述目的：综述先天免疫细胞在形成病毒库和维持自发性精英和病毒血症HIV控制者的长期病毒控制中的作用。最近的发现：HIV控制者表现出更小的转录抑制病毒库。不同的研究报告，先天细胞的早期反应在这种储存库配置中起关键作用。NK细胞，特别是那些具有细胞毒性活性和多功能单核细胞的细胞，与病毒控制有关，dc可能通过早期病毒感知和适应性反应的激活而起作用。在某些情况下，细胞毒性NK细胞出现在hiv特异性CD8 + T细胞之前，强调了它们在早期病毒抑制中的重要性。先天免疫细胞，包括NK细胞、单核细胞、dc细胞和γδ t细胞，在形成HIV控制者的病毒库中起着至关重要的作用。早期，强大的先天反应可能有助于维持长期的病毒抑制，并为潜在的治疗方法提供见解。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Current HIV/AIDS Reports INFECTIOUS DISEASES-

CiteScore

8.10

自引率

2.20%

发文量

期刊介绍： This journal intends to provide clear, insightful, balanced contributions by international experts that review the most important, recently published clinical findings related to the diagnosis, treatment, management, and prevention of HIV/AIDS. We accomplish this aim by appointing international authorities to serve as Section Editors in key subject areas, such as antiretroviral therapies, behavioral aspects of management, and metabolic complications and comorbidity. Section Editors, in turn, select topics for which leading experts contribute comprehensive review articles that emphasize new developments and recently published papers of major importance, highlighted by annotated reference lists. An international Editorial Board reviews the annual table of contents, suggests articles of special interest to their country/region, and ensures that topics are current and include emerging research. Commentaries from well-known figures in the field are also provided.