Reference intervals for equine fecal calprotectin and calprotectin:protein ratio and preliminary clinical evaluation in horses with colic and colitis.

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES

American journal of veterinary research Pub Date : 2024-11-27 Print Date: 2025-01-01 DOI:10.2460/ajvr.24.09.0271

Rebecca C Bishop, Nidhi Shanthappa, Sara L Connolly, Pamela A Wilkins, Annette M McCoy

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objective: To establish the reference interval (RI) of fecal calprotectin (fCP) and fCP:protein ratio in the feces of healthy horses and demonstrate preliminary clinical utility for the quantification of intestinal inflammation.

Methods: Feces were collected from healthy horses (n = 103) and horses with colic (n = 15) or colitis (n = 13). Feces were suspended in buffer to create fecal supernatant. Fecal calprotectin concentration was determined by ELISA, fecal total protein concentration was determined by bicinchoninic acid assay, and the fCP:protein ratio was calculated. Reference intervals for fCP and fCP:protein ratio were calculated from healthy horses. Descriptive and inferential statistics were performed to evaluate associations between fCP concentration and fCP:protein ratio with group and other clinical features. The study period was from September 20, 2023, through April 20, 2024.

Results: The RI for fCP was 0.056 to 0.278 μg/mL; 4 of 13 colitis cases had fCP above the RI. The RI for fCP:protein was 6.6 X 10-6 to 4.9 X 10-5; 5 of 13 colitis cases and 2 of 15 colic cases had fCP:protein above the RI. Horses with colitis had significantly greater fCP (median [quartile 1, quartile 3], 0.234 [0.194, 0.279] μg/mL) than healthy horses (0.196 [0.138, 0.220] μg/mL) or colic cases (0.189 [0.164, 0.215] μg/mL). There was a greater difference in fCP:protein ratio between colitis cases (4.31 X 10-5 [3.19 X 10-5, 6.23 X 10-5]) and both healthy horses (2.19 X 10-5 [1.58 X 10-5, 2.88 X 10-5]) and colic cases (1.52 X 10-5 [1.22 X 10-5, 3.56 X 10-5]).

Conclusions: Both fCP and fCP:protein ratio were increased in horses in colitis; additional work is needed to establish clinical utility.

Clinical relevance: There are few reliable diagnostic modalities for inflammation of the equine large colon. With additional development of a clinically applicable test and validation in larger population, fecal calprotectin may facilitate noninvasive quantification of intestinal inflammation in horses.

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马粪钙保护蛋白和钙保护蛋白的参考区间：肠绞痛和结肠炎马的蛋白比例和初步临床评价。

目的：建立健康马粪便钙保护蛋白（fCP）和fCP：蛋白比值的参考区间（RI），为肠道炎症定量分析提供初步的临床应用价值。方法：收集健康马（n = 103）和肠绞痛马（n = 15）或结肠炎马（n = 13）粪便。将粪便悬浮在缓冲液中形成粪便上清。ELISA法测定粪钙保护蛋白浓度，比新霉素酸法测定粪总蛋白浓度，计算蛋白质比。以健康马为样本，计算fCP和fCP:protein比值的参考区间。采用描述性和推断性统计来评估fCP浓度和fCP:protein ratio与组和其他临床特征之间的关系。研究时间为2023年9月20日至2024年4月20日。结果：fCP的RI范围为0.056 ~ 0.278 μg/mL；13例结肠炎患者中有4例fCP高于RI。fCP蛋白的RI为6.6 × 10-6 ~ 4.9 × 10-5；13例结肠炎患者中有5例，15例结肠炎患者中有2例fCP：蛋白高于RI。结肠炎马的fCP（中位数[四分位数1，四分位数3]，0.234 [0.194,0.279]μg/mL）显著高于健康马（0.196 [0.138,0.220]μg/mL）或绞痛马（0.189 [0.164,0.215]μg/mL）。结肠炎组（4.31 × 10-5 [3.19 × 10-5, 6.23 × 10-5]）与正常马（2.19 × 10-5 [1.58 × 10-5, 2.88 × 10-5]）和绞痛组（1.52 × 10-5 [1.22 × 10-5, 3.56 × 10-5]）的fCP:protein比值差异较大。结论：结肠炎马fCP及fCP:protein比值均升高；需要进一步的工作来建立临床应用。临床相关性：马大结肠炎症的可靠诊断方法很少。随着临床应用测试的进一步发展和在更大人群中的验证，粪便钙保护蛋白可能有助于马肠道炎症的无创量化。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

American journal of veterinary research 农林科学-兽医学

CiteScore

1.70

自引率

10.00%

发文量

186

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： The American Journal of Veterinary Research supports the collaborative exchange of information between researchers and clinicians by publishing novel research findings that bridge the gulf between basic research and clinical practice or that help to translate laboratory research and preclinical studies to the development of clinical trials and clinical practice. The journal welcomes submission of high-quality original studies and review articles in a wide range of scientific fields, including anatomy, anesthesiology, animal welfare, behavior, epidemiology, genetics, heredity, infectious disease, molecular biology, oncology, pharmacology, pathogenic mechanisms, physiology, surgery, theriogenology, toxicology, and vaccinology. Species of interest include production animals, companion animals, equids, exotic animals, birds, reptiles, and wild and marine animals. Reports of laboratory animal studies and studies involving the use of animals as experimental models of human diseases are considered only when the study results are of demonstrable benefit to the species used in the research or to another species of veterinary interest. Other fields of interest or animals species are not necessarily excluded from consideration, but such reports must focus on novel research findings. Submitted papers must make an original and substantial contribution to the veterinary medicine knowledge base; preliminary studies are not appropriate.