{"title":"In Vitro Antiviral Effect of Compound Chinese Herbal Medicine and Probiotic Fermentation Effect on Siniperca chuatsi","authors":"Jiang-Yi Tang, Xue-Zhi Zhu, Jian-Chou Chen, Yue Wang, De-Feng Zhang, Li-Yan Liu, Qing Wang, Cun-Bin Shi, Ying-Ying Wang, Ya-Jun Wang","doi":"10.1155/are/9976156","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div>\n <p><i>Siniperca chuatsi</i> is an economically important carnivorous fish. The efficient commercial culture of this fish is hindered by suboptimal nutrient utilization and the emergence of diseases, specifically viral diseases. Compound Chinese herbal medicine (CCHM) and probiotics can be used to enhance disease resistance and improve digestion. We have previously isolated <i>Bacillus velezensis</i>, a probiotic with a desirable effect on <i>S. chuatsi</i>. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the antiviral effect of a CCHM compound at the cellular level by conducting animal tests to investigate the synergistic effect of CCHM and <i>B. velezensis</i> GY65 in a simulated <i>S. chuatsi</i> culture. The animal experiments were divided into four groups: control group (G0); CCHM group (G1); <i>B. velezensis</i> GY65 group (G2); and Chinese herbal medicine compound probiotic group (CHCP) (G3). CCHM showed significant blocking and killing effects on the largemouth bass virus (LMBV) (<i>p</i> < 0.05), while the inhibiting effect was not significant. In animal tests, CCHM significantly improved <i>S. chuatsi</i> growth, while CHCP reduced <i>S. chuatsi</i> mortality. Regarding biochemical and nonspecific immune parameters, CHCP reduced serum lipid and hepatic malondialdehyde levels and increased serum lysozyme and hepatic catalase activities (<i>p</i> < 0.05). CCHM and <i>B. velezensis</i> GY65 increased the serum glutathione transaminase levels (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Digestive enzymes in the intestine of <i>S. chuatsi</i> improved in all groups, and the best result was observed in the CHCP group. Additionally, the intestinal development improved in all groups, but the best intestinal development was observed in the CCHM group. However, in the kidney, only TNF-<i>α</i> was significantly upregulated in the CHCP group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). In conclusion, CCHM exerted significant blocking and killing effects on LMBV. CHCP effectively protected the growth and immunity of <i>S. chuatsi</i>. Our findings provide preliminary data and lay the foundation for the practical application of herbal medicines and probiotics in aquaculture.</p>\n </div>","PeriodicalId":8104,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Research","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9000,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/are/9976156","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Aquaculture Research","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1155/are/9976156","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"FISHERIES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Siniperca chuatsi is an economically important carnivorous fish. The efficient commercial culture of this fish is hindered by suboptimal nutrient utilization and the emergence of diseases, specifically viral diseases. Compound Chinese herbal medicine (CCHM) and probiotics can be used to enhance disease resistance and improve digestion. We have previously isolated Bacillus velezensis, a probiotic with a desirable effect on S. chuatsi. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the antiviral effect of a CCHM compound at the cellular level by conducting animal tests to investigate the synergistic effect of CCHM and B. velezensis GY65 in a simulated S. chuatsi culture. The animal experiments were divided into four groups: control group (G0); CCHM group (G1); B. velezensis GY65 group (G2); and Chinese herbal medicine compound probiotic group (CHCP) (G3). CCHM showed significant blocking and killing effects on the largemouth bass virus (LMBV) (p < 0.05), while the inhibiting effect was not significant. In animal tests, CCHM significantly improved S. chuatsi growth, while CHCP reduced S. chuatsi mortality. Regarding biochemical and nonspecific immune parameters, CHCP reduced serum lipid and hepatic malondialdehyde levels and increased serum lysozyme and hepatic catalase activities (p < 0.05). CCHM and B. velezensis GY65 increased the serum glutathione transaminase levels (p < 0.05). Digestive enzymes in the intestine of S. chuatsi improved in all groups, and the best result was observed in the CHCP group. Additionally, the intestinal development improved in all groups, but the best intestinal development was observed in the CCHM group. However, in the kidney, only TNF-α was significantly upregulated in the CHCP group (p < 0.05). In conclusion, CCHM exerted significant blocking and killing effects on LMBV. CHCP effectively protected the growth and immunity of S. chuatsi. Our findings provide preliminary data and lay the foundation for the practical application of herbal medicines and probiotics in aquaculture.
期刊介绍：
International in perspective, Aquaculture Research is published 12 times a year and specifically addresses research and reference needs of all working and studying within the many varied areas of aquaculture. The Journal regularly publishes papers on applied or scientific research relevant to freshwater, brackish, and marine aquaculture. It covers all aquatic organisms, floristic and faunistic, related directly or indirectly to human consumption. The journal also includes review articles, short communications and technical papers. Young scientists are particularly encouraged to submit short communications based on their own research.
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