A micromagnetic research on nonequilibrium phase transitions of cobalt nanorings with varying ring widths

Abstract

In this study, the effects of the arm width of the Co 2D-nanoring structure, along with the amplitude and frequency of the external dynamic sinusoidal magnetic field on nonequilibrium phase transitions have been comprehensively investigated. Dynamic magnetic hysteresis curves have been obtained through the numerical solution of the nonlinear Landau–Lifshitz–Gilbert (LLG) equation using OOMMF software. Dynamic hysteresis characteristics, including hysteresis loop area, remanent magnetization, and coercive field have been calculated as functions of frequency. It has been found that nonequilibrium phase transitions are significantly influenced by the arm width, in addition to the frequency and amplitude of the applied external dynamic field. Numerical results highlight that increasing the arm width of the nanoring system causes the transition frequency of the dynamically ordered phase to shift to lower values.