Molecular composition difference of electron donating moieties between natural organic matter and effluent organic matter probed by chlorine dioxide

IF 11.4 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Water Research Pub Date : 2024-12-03 DOI:10.1016/j.watres.2024.122911

Quan Gao, Yanheng Pan, Yangjian Zhou, Jianglin Peng, Qingqing Kong, Yanhui Cheng, Qing-Long Fu, Xin Yang

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Abstract

Lignin- and tannin-like phenolic compounds are shown to be the major compositions of electron donating moieties (EDM) of aquatic natural organic matter (NOM). However, little is known about the compositions of EDMs within effluent organic matter (EfOM). In the present study, chlorine dioxide (ClO₂) was used as a selectively oxidative probe to investigate the difference in the molecular composition of EDM between NOM and EfOM due to its high selectivity towards electron-rich compounds. The results showed that there was a large difference in the bulk and molecular properties of ClO₂-reactive moieties between EfOM and NOM. Specifically, ClO₂-reactive moieties of EfOM are distributed in a narrower molecular weight range (i.e., 0.9 kDa to 3.0 kDa) compared to NOM (i.e.,1.0 kDa to 20 kDa). The molecular-level analysis demonstrated that highly aromatic, reduced formulas (O/C = 0.33 ± 0.16; H/C = 1.10 ± 0.34) referring the lignin- and tannin-like compounds within both NOM and EfOM were susceptible to oxidation by ClO₂, while more saturated formulas including the peptide-like formulas (H/C = 1.59 ± 0.36) within EfOM were reactive towards ClO₂. Furthermore, the nitrogen (N)-containing formulas in EfOM are suggested to be the major EDMs compared to the CHO-only formulas dominating the EDM in NOM. This study has important implications for understanding of the origin and chemical nature of EDM in DOM from various sources and provide molecular-level evidence for the selectivity of ClO₂ as an oxidant towards DOM.

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来源期刊

Water Research 环境科学-工程：环境

CiteScore

20.80

自引率

9.40%

发文量

1307

审稿时长

38 days

期刊介绍： Water Research, along with its open access companion journal Water Research X, serves as a platform for publishing original research papers covering various aspects of the science and technology related to the anthropogenic water cycle, water quality, and its management worldwide. The audience targeted by the journal comprises biologists, chemical engineers, chemists, civil engineers, environmental engineers, limnologists, and microbiologists. The scope of the journal include: •Treatment processes for water and wastewaters (municipal, agricultural, industrial, and on-site treatment), including resource recovery and residuals management; •Urban hydrology including sewer systems, stormwater management, and green infrastructure; •Drinking water treatment and distribution; •Potable and non-potable water reuse; •Sanitation, public health, and risk assessment; •Anaerobic digestion, solid and hazardous waste management, including source characterization and the effects and control of leachates and gaseous emissions; •Contaminants (chemical, microbial, anthropogenic particles such as nanoparticles or microplastics) and related water quality sensing, monitoring, fate, and assessment; •Anthropogenic impacts on inland, tidal, coastal and urban waters, focusing on surface and ground waters, and point and non-point sources of pollution; •Environmental restoration, linked to surface water, groundwater and groundwater remediation; •Analysis of the interfaces between sediments and water, and between water and atmosphere, focusing specifically on anthropogenic impacts; •Mathematical modelling, systems analysis, machine learning, and beneficial use of big data related to the anthropogenic water cycle; •Socio-economic, policy, and regulations studies.