Long term outdoor performance evaluation of printed semitransparent organic photovoltaic modules for BIPV/BAPV applications†

IF 32.4 1区 材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Sarmad Feroze, Andreas Distler, Lirong Dong, Michael Wagner, Iftikhar Ahmed Channa, Felix Hoga, Christoph J. Brabec and Hans-Joachim Egelhaaf
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Abstract

Recently, organic photovoltaics (OPV) have achieved power conversion efficiencies (PCE) above 20% thus coming closer to market entry. Building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) and building-attached photovoltaics (BAPV) are two key areas where the functional advantages of both OPV and BIPV/BAPV complement each other and thus could pave the way for market penetration of OPV. Herein, we report on large-area, all-solution-processed flexible OPV modules manufactured by a fully roll-to-roll (R2R) method with high levels of process repeatability. The OPV modules show an accelerated lifetime (ALT) of more than 1000 h and 2800 h under the ISOS-L2 and ISOS-D3 testing conditions, respectively. Long-term outdoor monitoring of the OPV modules was conducted in a typical central European climate, considering two distinct mounting angles that hold significant relevance for BIPV installations i.e., 45° inclination with respect to the ground (representing the optimal tilt angle of the site) and 90° vertical mounting (as mostly encountered in BIPV façades). The ISOS-O2 protocol was used as the test standard for outdoor monitoring. The results show that the OPV modules can offer higher daily specific energy yields (YFD), i.e., higher ratios of daily energy yield and STC WP capacity of the module, than a reference mono-crystalline (m-Si) module for BIPV installations typical of a rooftop case (i.e., 45°), whereas for façade integrated cases (i.e., 90°), OPV modules offer YFD values identical to that of m-Si modules. Detailed laboratory investigations reveal that the higher YFD values of the OPV modules at 45° mounting stems from their negligible temperature coefficient of −0.008% °C−1, whereas at 90° mounting, the angle-dependent response of the modules plays a crucial role.

Abstract Image

用于BIPV/BAPV应用的印刷半透明有机光伏组件的长期户外性能评估
最近,有机光伏(OPV)已经实现了20%以上的功率转换效率(PCE),从而更接近进入市场。建筑集成光伏(BIPV)和建筑附加光伏(BAPV)是OPV和BIPV/BAPV的功能优势互补的两个关键领域,因此可以为OPV的市场渗透铺平道路。在此,我们报告了一种采用全卷对卷(R2R)方法制造的大面积、全溶液加工柔性OPV模块,具有高水平的工艺可重复性。OPV模块在iso - l2和iso - d3测试条件下的加速寿命(ALT)分别大于1000 h和2800 h。OPV模块的长期室外监测是在典型的中欧气候条件下进行的,考虑到与BIPV安装有重要关系的两种不同的安装角度,即相对于地面的45°倾角(代表场地的最佳倾斜角)和90°垂直安装(BIPV farades中最常见)。采用iso - o2协议作为室外监测的测试标准。结果表明,与参考单晶(m-Si)模块相比,OPV模块可以提供更高的日比能量产量(YFD),即模块的日比能量产量和STC WP容量的比例更高,用于典型的屋顶情况(即45°)的BIPV安装,而对于farade集成情况(即90°),OPV模块提供的YFD值与m-Si模块相同。详细的实验室研究表明,在45°安装时,OPV模块的较高YFD值源于其可忽略不计的温度系数- 0.008% /°C,而在90°安装时,模块的角度相关响应起着至关重要的作用。
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来源期刊
Energy & Environmental Science
Energy & Environmental Science 化学-工程:化工
CiteScore
50.50
自引率
2.20%
发文量
349
审稿时长
2.2 months
期刊介绍: Energy & Environmental Science, a peer-reviewed scientific journal, publishes original research and review articles covering interdisciplinary topics in the (bio)chemical and (bio)physical sciences, as well as chemical engineering disciplines. Published monthly by the Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC), a not-for-profit publisher, Energy & Environmental Science is recognized as a leading journal. It boasts an impressive impact factor of 8.500 as of 2009, ranking 8th among 140 journals in the category "Chemistry, Multidisciplinary," second among 71 journals in "Energy & Fuels," second among 128 journals in "Engineering, Chemical," and first among 181 scientific journals in "Environmental Sciences." Energy & Environmental Science publishes various types of articles, including Research Papers (original scientific work), Review Articles, Perspectives, and Minireviews (feature review-type articles of broad interest), Communications (original scientific work of an urgent nature), Opinions (personal, often speculative viewpoints or hypotheses on current topics), and Analysis Articles (in-depth examination of energy-related issues).
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