{"title":"Recent advances in cellulose nanospheres: production, formation mechanisms, properties and applications","authors":"Sergio Luis Yupanqui-Mendoza, Valdeir Arantes","doi":"10.1007/s10570-024-06229-5","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The morphology of cellulose nanomaterials plays a crucial role in determining their properties and expanding their application possibilities. Among these bionanomaterials, cellulose nanospheres (CNSs) have emerged as a novel form, distinguished by unique spherical morphology and properties that depend on their size, crystallinity, and surface chemistry. These properties make CNSs suitable for various applications, ranging from additives in nanocomposites to biomedical uses. Despite its promising potential, CNSs are underreported in the literature, highlighting the need for a comprehensive evaluation of production, mechanism, and performance perspectives. This review provides an in-depth examination of the primary methods used for CNS production, including acidic, enzymatic, mechanical, and oxidative processes. We analyze the complex relationship between these production methods, the resulting spherical characteristics, and the yields obtained during isolation. Additionally, we examine the various proposed mechanisms for CNS formation and advance these mechanisms, which are essential for optimizing and tailoring production processes to achieve specific structure outcomes. Finally, we discuss recent advancements in CNS applications across different sectors and address future research directions and challenges for this innovative bionanomaterial.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":511,"journal":{"name":"Cellulose","volume":"31 18","pages":"10609 - 10649"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9000,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Cellulose","FirstCategoryId":"88","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10570-024-06229-5","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"MATERIALS SCIENCE, PAPER & WOOD","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
The morphology of cellulose nanomaterials plays a crucial role in determining their properties and expanding their application possibilities. Among these bionanomaterials, cellulose nanospheres (CNSs) have emerged as a novel form, distinguished by unique spherical morphology and properties that depend on their size, crystallinity, and surface chemistry. These properties make CNSs suitable for various applications, ranging from additives in nanocomposites to biomedical uses. Despite its promising potential, CNSs are underreported in the literature, highlighting the need for a comprehensive evaluation of production, mechanism, and performance perspectives. This review provides an in-depth examination of the primary methods used for CNS production, including acidic, enzymatic, mechanical, and oxidative processes. We analyze the complex relationship between these production methods, the resulting spherical characteristics, and the yields obtained during isolation. Additionally, we examine the various proposed mechanisms for CNS formation and advance these mechanisms, which are essential for optimizing and tailoring production processes to achieve specific structure outcomes. Finally, we discuss recent advancements in CNS applications across different sectors and address future research directions and challenges for this innovative bionanomaterial.
期刊介绍:
Cellulose is an international journal devoted to the dissemination of research and scientific and technological progress in the field of cellulose and related naturally occurring polymers. The journal is concerned with the pure and applied science of cellulose and related materials, and also with the development of relevant new technologies. This includes the chemistry, biochemistry, physics and materials science of cellulose and its sources, including wood and other biomass resources, and their derivatives. Coverage extends to the conversion of these polymers and resources into manufactured goods, such as pulp, paper, textiles, and manufactured as well natural fibers, and to the chemistry of materials used in their processing. Cellulose publishes review articles, research papers, and technical notes.