Phyto- and zoomass-derived nanostructured carbon as efficient catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction in fuel cells: a review

IF 3.5 3区 材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Snigdha Toms, Akshaya S Nair, P Parnika, Elsa Mary Mathew, R Imran Jafri
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Abstract

The oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) plays a pivotal role in several energy storage and conversion technologies, including metal-air batteries, microbial fuel cells, and low-temperature hydrogen and alcohol fuel cells. Fuel cells, in particular, have gained significant traction as a feasible alternative energy source due to their efficiency, cleanliness, adaptability, and ability to reuse exhaust heat. However, the complex nature of ORR requires highly efficient electrocatalysts for optimal fuel cell performance. While Pt-based electrocatalysts are widely regarded as the most suitable for both the cathode and anode in fuel cells, their high cost, scarcity, and susceptibility to fuel crossover have driven the search for alternative ORR catalysts. In this context, carbon materials have emerged as promising candidates due to their low cost, long-term stability, and strong electrocatalytic activity. Recent advancements in biomass-derived carbon nanostructures align with the global push for sustainable energy and a pollution-free environment. This review examines carbon structures derived from the carbonization of plant and animal biomass and evaluates their performance as noble metal supports, non-noble metal electrocatalysts, and metal-free electrocatalysts for ORR.

Abstract Image

植物和动物来源的纳米结构碳作为燃料电池中氧还原反应的高效催化剂:综述
氧还原反应(ORR)在金属-空气电池、微生物燃料电池、低温氢和酒精燃料电池等多种能量存储和转化技术中起着关键作用。尤其是燃料电池,由于其高效、清洁、适应性强和回收废热的能力,已经成为一种可行的替代能源。然而,ORR的复杂性需要高效的电催化剂来优化燃料电池的性能。尽管基于pt的电催化剂被广泛认为是最适合用于燃料电池的阴极和阳极,但其高成本、稀缺性和燃料交叉的易感性促使人们寻找替代ORR催化剂。在这种情况下,碳材料由于其低成本、长期稳定性和强电催化活性而成为有希望的候选者。生物质衍生碳纳米结构的最新进展与全球对可持续能源和无污染环境的推动保持一致。本文综述了植物和动物生物质炭化产生的碳结构,并评价了它们作为贵金属载体、非贵金属电催化剂和无金属电催化剂在ORR中的性能。
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来源期刊
Journal of Materials Science
Journal of Materials Science 工程技术-材料科学:综合
CiteScore
7.90
自引率
4.40%
发文量
1297
审稿时长
2.4 months
期刊介绍: The Journal of Materials Science publishes reviews, full-length papers, and short Communications recording original research results on, or techniques for studying the relationship between structure, properties, and uses of materials. The subjects are seen from international and interdisciplinary perspectives covering areas including metals, ceramics, glasses, polymers, electrical materials, composite materials, fibers, nanostructured materials, nanocomposites, and biological and biomedical materials. The Journal of Materials Science is now firmly established as the leading source of primary communication for scientists investigating the structure and properties of all engineering materials.
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