A Neanderthal's specialised burning structure compatible with tar obtention

IF 3.2 1区 地球科学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL
Juan Ochando , Francisco J. Jiménez-Espejo , Francisco Giles-Guzmán , Carlos Neto de Carvalho , Jose S. Carrión , Fernando Muñiz , Juan Manuel Rubiales , Pedro Cura , João Belo , Stewart Finlayson , Belen Martrat , Barend L. van Drooge , Gonzalo Jiménez-Moreno , Antonio García-Alix , Jose Antonio Lozano Rodríguez , Rosa María Albert , Naohiko Ohkouchi , Nanako Ogawa , Hisami Suga , Jon Camuera , Clive Finlayson
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Here we present multiproxy evidence of a new type of Neanderthal hearth discovered in Vanguard Cave (VC) (Gibraltar), which is dated 65 kyr, and associated with Middle Paleolithic stone artefacts. The hearth structure coincides with predictions from theoretical studies which require the use of heating structures for obtaining birch tar, commonly used in hafting. We propose that the structure was used for heating rockroses (Cistaceae) under anoxic conditions by burning herbs and shrubs, over a guano mixed with sand layer. We tested this hypothesis experimentally with success. The presence of levoglucosan and retene in the structure's matrix points to combustion of higher resinous plant-derived material. Our results advance our understanding of Neanderthal behaviour, as the ability to organize activities related with the use of fire.
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来源期刊
Quaternary Science Reviews
Quaternary Science Reviews 地学-地球科学综合
CiteScore
7.50
自引率
15.00%
发文量
388
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Quaternary Science Reviews caters for all aspects of Quaternary science, and includes, for example, geology, geomorphology, geography, archaeology, soil science, palaeobotany, palaeontology, palaeoclimatology and the full range of applicable dating methods. The dividing line between what constitutes the review paper and one which contains new original data is not easy to establish, so QSR also publishes papers with new data especially if these perform a review function. All the Quaternary sciences are changing rapidly and subject to re-evaluation as the pace of discovery quickens; thus the diverse but comprehensive role of Quaternary Science Reviews keeps readers abreast of the wider issues relating to new developments in the field.
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