Influence of caffeic acid and Bacillus coagulans supplementation on growth, digestive enzymes, immune response, and antioxidant gene expression in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and its resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila infection

IF 3.2 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture Reports Pub Date : 2024-11-29 DOI:10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102515

Seyedeh Shiva Alavinejad , Mehdi Soltani , Seyed saeed Mirzargar , Poulin Shohreh , Ali Taherimirghaed

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Abstract

Present study aimed to investigate the efficacy of dietary supplementation with caffeic acid and Bacillus coagulans on growth performance, digestive enzymes, and immunity of common carp (Cyprinus carpio), and also fish resistance against Aeromonas hydrophila. Fish (21.0 ± 0.5 g) divided into four groups: control group (CD, commercial basal diet), caffeic acid (CA, 5 g/kg feed), B. coagulans (BC, 2×10⁷ CFU/g feed), and CA+BC (5 g/kg + 2×10⁷ CFU/g feed) for 8 weeks, followed by a 14-day challenge with A. hydrophila. A significant enhancement was obtained in growth performance of all treated groups compared to CD (P < 0.05). Also, feed conversion ratio was significantly reduced in treated fish compared to CD group (P < 0.05). Fish of BC and CA+BC groups revealed an increase in activity of amylase, lipase, protease, trypsin, and chymotrypsin in the intestinal tissue. In addition, amylase, lipase, protease, and trypsin in CA group exhibited a higher activity than CD (P < 0.05). A lower decrease in aspartate aminotransferase and a higher increase in alkaline phosphatas were observed in BC and CA+BC groups than CD group (P < 0.05). Values of total protein, total immunoglobulin, lysozyme activity, and alternative complement pathway (ACH50) were higher in sera of BC and CA+BC groups than CD (P < 0.05). Additionally, expression of genes related to lysozyme, IL-1β, IL-8, TNF-α, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in liver tissues of treatment groups were upregulated better than CD (P < 0.05). Furthermore, a significant reduction in mortality was observed in treatment groups compared to CD under the A. hydrophila challenge. These results exhibited that including a combination of caffeic acid and B. coagulans as functional dietary supplements in diet favors common carp health status and growth and, thus, can be recommended in the fish diet.

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添加咖啡酸和凝固芽孢杆菌对鲤鱼生长、消化酶、免疫反应、抗氧化基因表达及对嗜水气单胞菌感染的影响

本试验旨在研究在饲料中添加咖啡酸和凝固芽孢杆菌对鲤鱼生长性能、消化酶和免疫力的影响，以及对嗜水气单胞菌的抗性。将鱼（21.0±0.5 g）分为4组：对照组（CD，商业基础饲料）、咖啡酸组（CA， 5 g/kg饲料）、凝固芽孢杆菌组（BC， 2×107 CFU/g饲料）和CA+BC组（5 g/kg + 2×107 CFU/g饲料），饲养8周，然后用嗜水芽孢杆菌饲喂14天。与CD相比，所有处理组的生长性能均有显著提高(P <；0.05)。与CD组相比，处理鱼的饲料系数显著降低(P <；0.05)。BC组和CA+BC组鱼肠组织中淀粉酶、脂肪酶、蛋白酶、胰蛋白酶和凝乳胰蛋白酶活性均升高。此外，CA组的淀粉酶、脂肪酶、蛋白酶和胰蛋白酶活性均高于CD组(P <；0.05)。与CD组相比，BC组和CA+BC组天冬氨酸转氨酶下降幅度较小，碱性磷酸酶升高幅度较大(P <；0.05)。BC组和CA+BC组血清总蛋白、总免疫球蛋白、溶菌酶活性和替代补体途径（ACH50）值均高于CD组(P <；0.05)。此外，治疗组肝组织中溶菌酶、IL-1β、IL-8、TNF-α、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx）相关基因的表达上调优于CD组(P <；0.05)。此外，与嗜水单胞菌刺激下的CD相比，治疗组的死亡率显著降低。这些结果表明，在饲料中添加咖啡酸和凝固芽孢杆菌作为功能性膳食补充剂有利于鲤鱼的健康状况和生长，因此可以推荐在鱼类饲料中添加咖啡酸和凝固芽孢杆菌。

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来源期刊

Aquaculture Reports Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Animal Science and Zoology

CiteScore

5.90

自引率

8.10%

发文量

469

审稿时长

77 days

期刊介绍： Aquaculture Reports will publish original research papers and reviews documenting outstanding science with a regional context and focus, answering the need for high quality information on novel species, systems and regions in emerging areas of aquaculture research and development, such as integrated multi-trophic aquaculture, urban aquaculture, ornamental, unfed aquaculture, offshore aquaculture and others. Papers having industry research as priority and encompassing product development research or current industry practice are encouraged.