Effectiveness of calcium supplementation in the prevention of gestational hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials

IF 2.5 4区医学 Q2 OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY

Pregnancy Hypertension-An International Journal of Womens Cardiovascular Health Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI:10.1016/j.preghy.2024.101174

Qing Zhu, Qin Yu, Mengyao Liu, Yongqing Wei

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Gestational hypertension and related disorders, such as preeclampsia, pose significant risks to maternal and foetal health. Calcium supplementation has been proposed as a preventive measure, but its effectiveness remains debated. This review assess the impact of calcium supplementation in prevention of gestational hypertension.

Methods

A comprehensive literature search was conducted across multiple databases, including Scopus, EMBASE, PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, Cochrane CENTRAL, from inception to July 2024. Eligibility criteria included studies involving pregnant women at risk of gestational hypertension, comparing calcium supplementation to control group, and reporting on outcomes such as preeclampsia, pregnancy-induced hypertension, HELLP syndrome, preterm birth, and maternal mortality. Data were analysed using a random-effects inverse-variance model to calculate pooled risk ratios (RRs) and assess heterogeneity using Cochran’s Q and I2 statistics. Publication bias was evaluated using funnel plots and Egger’s test.

Results

22 studies with 39,270 individuals were included. Most studies had higher risk of bias. Calcium supplementation significantly reduced the risk of preeclampsia (pooled RR = 0.606, 95 %CI: 0.483–0.761, p < 0.001) and pregnancy-induced hypertension (pooled RR = 0.870, 95 %CI: 0.759–0.996, p = 0.044). However, it showed no significant effect on HELLP syndrome, preterm birth, or mortality. Heterogeneity was moderate to substantial across outcomes, and publication bias was detected for preterm birth and pregnancy-induced hypertension.

Conclusion

Calcium supplementation during pregnancy significantly reduces the risk of preeclampsia and pregnancy-induced hypertension, highlighting its value as a cost-effective intervention for improving maternal health. These findings support integrating calcium supplementation into prenatal care strategies, particularly for populations with low dietary calcium intake.

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来源期刊

Pregnancy Hypertension-An International Journal of Womens Cardiovascular Health OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGYPERIPHERAL VASCULAR-PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE

CiteScore

4.90

自引率

0.00%

发文量

127

期刊介绍： Pregnancy Hypertension: An International Journal of Women''s Cardiovascular Health aims to stimulate research in the field of hypertension in pregnancy, disseminate the useful results of such research, and advance education in the field. We publish articles pertaining to human and animal blood pressure during gestation, hypertension during gestation including physiology of circulatory control, pathophysiology, methodology, therapy or any other material relevant to the relationship between elevated blood pressure and pregnancy. The subtitle reflects the wider aspects of studying hypertension in pregnancy thus we also publish articles on in utero programming, nutrition, long term effects of hypertension in pregnancy on cardiovascular health and other research that helps our understanding of the etiology or consequences of hypertension in pregnancy. Case reports are not published unless of exceptional/outstanding importance to the field.