Candle soot nanoparticles covered femtosecond laser-induced graphene toward multifunctional wooden houses

Abstract

Laser-induced graphene (LIG) is an innovative material that can be used in the construction of smart wood houses due to its high electrical and thermal conductivity. However, potential practical challenges such as fire hazards, and the complexity of daily cleaning are limitations in such an application. In this study, we utilized femtosecond laser direct writing technology to create femtosecond laser-induced graphene (FLIG) on flame retardant cork. The FLIG surface was then coated with multi-scale candle soot particles to incorporate carbon black (CB-FLIG) superhydrophobic surface properties. Here we demonstrate CB-FLIG as a raw material for electronic components in multifunctional wooden houses. The infrared emissivity of the CB-FLIG surface was as high as 97.2 % and the electric heating performance was good. As such, it can be used as an electric heater in the winter, and we achieved room temperature control at a comfortable 24.9 °C with 4 V voltage in a model house. Also, the water contact angle was 151.2°, giving CB-FLIG self-cleaning properties. Ultimately, we demonstrate the application of CB-FLIG in the field of smart home components such as electrical wiring, electric heaters, fire protection, and self-cleaning, increasing functionality while reducing the need for routine maintenance. This study lays a robust foundation for state-of-the-art devices within smart timber houses and significantly propels the development of versatile, interconnected wooden dwellings.