Fine structure of starch biomacromolecules and digestibility: The regulative role of amylose and amylopectin in the digestive hydrolysis of starch in rice

IF 10.7 1区 化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED
Xianglong Zhou , Yitao Chen , Puxu Feng , Jinqi Shen , Xiaolei Fan , Yuan Chen , Wenwen Yu
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The digestibility of starch in staple foods has rarely been examined at the bio-macromolecular level. This study addresses this by investigating the fine structures of amylose and amylopectin to understand their roles in starch digestibility in cooked white rice. Using the static INFOGEST protocol and oral processing by human volunteers, we assessed the starch digestion characteristics of 13 rice varieties, with amylose and amylopectin chain length distribution being analyzed using size-exclusion chromatography and high-performance anion exchange chromatography, respectively. Kinetic modelling revealed that chewed white rice follows a typical parallel digestion pattern, with rapidly (SF) and slowly digestible starch (SS) being digested simultaneously at distinctly different rates. Amylose content (AC) and amylose weight were significantly and positively correlated with the digestion rate and extent of SS, whereas the digestion rate and extent of SF were closely linked to amylopectin, particularly its short and intermediate chains (degree of polymerization 13–36). Compared to low-amylose rice (AC < 25 %), high-amylose rice exhibited significantly higher SS but with a lower digestion rate, attributed to its higher AC with shorter chains and fewer short to intermediate Ap branches. These findings provide insights into starch structure-digestibility relationships, aiding the development of rice varieties with slower digestion rates.
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来源期刊
Carbohydrate Polymers
Carbohydrate Polymers 化学-高分子科学
CiteScore
22.40
自引率
8.00%
发文量
1286
审稿时长
47 days
期刊介绍: Carbohydrate Polymers stands as a prominent journal in the glycoscience field, dedicated to exploring and harnessing the potential of polysaccharides with applications spanning bioenergy, bioplastics, biomaterials, biorefining, chemistry, drug delivery, food, health, nanotechnology, packaging, paper, pharmaceuticals, medicine, oil recovery, textiles, tissue engineering, wood, and various aspects of glycoscience. The journal emphasizes the central role of well-characterized carbohydrate polymers, highlighting their significance as the primary focus rather than a peripheral topic. Each paper must prominently feature at least one named carbohydrate polymer, evident in both citation and title, with a commitment to innovative research that advances scientific knowledge.
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