Concurrent consumption of cocoa flavanols and caffeine does not acutely modulate working memory and attention.

IF 4.1 2区 医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS
Elkan G Akyürek, Ahmet Altınok, Aytaç Karabay
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Purpose: Consumption of cocoa flavanols and caffeine might acutely enhance cognition, particularly in synergy. Due to the use of multifaceted tasks in prior research, it is unclear precisely which cognitive functions are implicated. Here we aimed to assess the acute effects of the (joint) ingestion of cocoa flavanols and caffeine on temporal attention, spatial attention, and working memory.

Methods: In four separate sessions of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial, 48 young adult participants consumed a placebo drink, a cocoa flavanols (415 mg) drink, a caffeine (215 mg) drink, and a drink containing both concurrently. In each session, after ingestion, we tested performance in three cognitive tasks. We tested temporal attention in a dual-target rapid serial visual presentation paradigm, known to elicit the attentional blink, in which the time between the targets was manipulated. We measured spatial attention in a visual search task, where we varied the number of distractors that appeared simultaneously with the target. We tested working memory in a delayed recall task, in which the number of stimuli to be remembered was manipulated.

Results: We obtained the expected performance pattern in each task, but found no evidence for modulation of response accuracy or reaction times by the ingestion of either substance, nor of their combined ingestion, even in the most challenging task conditions.

Conclusions: We conclude that, even when jointly ingested, neither the tested amount of cocoa flavanols nor caffeine have acute effects that are robustly measurable on cognitive tasks that target attention and working memory specifically.

同时摄入可可黄烷醇和咖啡因不会急性调节工作记忆和注意力。
目的:食用可可黄烷醇和咖啡因可能会急性增强认知能力,尤其是在协同作用时。由于之前的研究使用了多方面的任务,因此目前还不清楚哪些认知功能会受到确切的影响。在此,我们旨在评估(联合)摄入可可黄烷醇和咖啡因对时间注意力、空间注意力和工作记忆的急性影响:在随机、双盲、安慰剂对照、交叉试验的四个独立阶段中,48 名年轻的成年参与者同时饮用了安慰剂饮料、可可黄烷醇(415 毫克)饮料、咖啡因(215 毫克)饮料和含有这两种成分的饮料。每次摄入后,我们都会测试三项认知任务的表现。我们在双目标快速连续视觉呈现范例中测试了时间注意力,该范例已知会引起注意力眨眼,其中目标之间的时间是可操控的。我们在视觉搜索任务中测量了空间注意力,在该任务中,我们改变了与目标同时出现的干扰物的数量。我们在一项延迟回忆任务中测试了工作记忆,在这项任务中,需要记忆的刺激物数量是可操控的:结果:我们在每项任务中都获得了预期的表现模式,但没有发现任何证据表明,即使在最具挑战性的任务条件下,摄入两种物质或同时摄入两种物质会调节反应的准确性或反应时间:我们得出结论:即使同时摄入两种物质,可可黄烷醇和咖啡因的测试量也不会对专门针对注意力和工作记忆的认知任务产生可测量的急性影响。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
10.20
自引率
2.00%
发文量
295
审稿时长
6 months
期刊介绍: The European Journal of Nutrition publishes original papers, reviews, and short communications in the nutritional sciences. The manuscripts submitted to the European Journal of Nutrition should have their major focus on the impact of nutrients and non-nutrients on immunology and inflammation, gene expression, metabolism, chronic diseases, or carcinogenesis, or a major focus on epidemiology, including intervention studies with healthy subjects and with patients, biofunctionality of food and food components, or the impact of diet on the environment.
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