Association of dietary patterns derived by reduced-rank regression with colorectal cancer risk and mortality.

IF 4.1 2区 医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS
Zegeye Abebe, Molla Mesele Wassie, Phuc D Nguyen, Amy C Reynolds, Yohannes Adama Melaku
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Abstract

Purpose: Unhealthy dietary patterns contribute to an increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). Limited prior research has used reduced rank regression (RRR) to assess dietary patterns relative to CRC risk. This study aimed to identify dietary patterns derived by RRR and assess their associations with CRC risk and mortality.

Methods: We used data from the multicentre Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening (PLCO) trial. Dietary intake was assessed using a Dietary History Questionnaire. In the RRR intake of fibre, folate, and the percentage of energy from carbohydrates, saturated and unsaturated fatty acids were used as response variables. Cox models and competing risk survival regression, with age as the time scale, were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for CRC risk and mortality, respectively.

Results: The median follow-up time for CRC risk (n = 1044) and mortality (n = 499) was 9.4 years (Interquartile Range: 8. 0, 10.1) and 16.9 years (11.9, 18.6), respectively. Two dietary patterns were identified: the first was characterised by high carbohydrate, folate and low fatty acid intake, and the second by high fibre and unsaturated fatty acid. Compared to participants in the first tertile of the high fibre and unsaturated fatty acid pattern, those in the third tertile had a lower risk of CRC (HR = 0.88; 95% CI: 0.76, 1.03), and colon cancer (HR = 0.85; 95% CI: 0.72, 1.01). Conversely, the high carbohydrate, high folate and low fatty acid pattern had no association with CRC outcomes. None of the dietary patterns showed associations with rectal cancer or CRC mortality.

Conclusion: A diet enriched with high fibre and unsaturated fatty acids may reduce the risk of CRC. These results highlight the potential protective effect of adequate fibre intake in conjunction with high consumption of unsaturated fatty acids against CRC.

通过降级回归得出的膳食模式与结直肠癌风险和死亡率的关系。
目的:不健康的饮食模式会增加罹患结直肠癌(CRC)的风险。以前的研究很少使用秩回归(RRR)来评估与 CRC 风险相关的饮食模式。本研究旨在确定通过 RRR 得出的膳食模式,并评估其与 CRC 风险和死亡率的关系:我们使用了多中心前列腺癌、肺癌、结直肠癌和卵巢癌筛查(PLCO)试验的数据。膳食史问卷对膳食摄入量进行了评估。在 RRR 中,纤维素、叶酸以及碳水化合物、饱和脂肪酸和不饱和脂肪酸的能量摄入百分比被用作响应变量。以年龄为时间尺度,采用Cox模型和竞争风险生存回归法分别估算出CRC风险和死亡率的危险比(HRs)和95%置信区间(CIs):CRC 风险(n = 1044)和死亡率(n = 499)的随访时间中位数分别为 9.4 年(四分位间范围:8.0,10.1)和 16.9 年(11.9,18.6)。研究发现了两种饮食模式:第一种是高碳水化合物、叶酸和低脂肪酸摄入,第二种是高纤维和不饱和脂肪酸摄入。与高纤维和不饱和脂肪酸饮食模式第一层的参与者相比,第三层的参与者患 CRC(HR = 0.88;95% CI:0.76,1.03)和结肠癌(HR = 0.85;95% CI:0.72,1.01)的风险较低。相反,高碳水化合物、高叶酸和低脂肪酸膳食模式与 CRC 结果没有关联。没有一种膳食模式与直肠癌或 CRC 死亡率有关:结论:富含高纤维和不饱和脂肪酸的膳食可降低患 CRC 的风险。这些结果凸显了充足的纤维摄入量和大量不饱和脂肪酸的摄入对预防 CRC 的潜在保护作用。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
10.20
自引率
2.00%
发文量
295
审稿时长
6 months
期刊介绍: The European Journal of Nutrition publishes original papers, reviews, and short communications in the nutritional sciences. The manuscripts submitted to the European Journal of Nutrition should have their major focus on the impact of nutrients and non-nutrients on immunology and inflammation, gene expression, metabolism, chronic diseases, or carcinogenesis, or a major focus on epidemiology, including intervention studies with healthy subjects and with patients, biofunctionality of food and food components, or the impact of diet on the environment.
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