Soil microbiomes show consistent and predictable responses to extreme events

IF 50.5 1区 综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES
Nature Pub Date : 2024-11-27 DOI:10.1038/s41586-024-08185-3
Christopher G. Knight, Océane Nicolitch, Rob I. Griffiths, Tim Goodall, Briony Jones, Carolin Weser, Holly Langridge, John Davison, Ariane Dellavalle, Nico Eisenhauer, Konstantin B. Gongalsky, Andrew Hector, Emma Jardine, Paul Kardol, Fernando T. Maestre, Martin Schädler, Marina Semchenko, Carly Stevens, Maria Α. Tsiafouli, Oddur Vilhelmsson, Wolfgang Wanek, Franciska T. de Vries
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Abstract

Increasing extreme climatic events threaten the functioning of terrestrial ecosystems1,2. Because soil microbes govern key biogeochemical processes, understanding their response to climate extremes is crucial in predicting the consequences for ecosystem functioning3,4. Here we subjected soils from 30 grasslands across Europe to four contrasting extreme climatic events under common controlled conditions (drought, flood, freezing and heat), and compared the response of soil microbial communities and their functioning with those of undisturbed soils. Soil microbiomes exhibited a small, but highly consistent and phylogenetically conserved, response under the imposed extreme events. Heat treatment most strongly impacted soil microbiomes, enhancing dormancy and sporulation genes and decreasing metabolic versatility. Microbiome response to heat in particular could be predicted by local climatic conditions and soil properties, with soils that do not normally experience the extreme conditions being imposed being most vulnerable. Our results suggest that soil microbiomes from different climates share unified responses to extreme climatic events, but that predicting the extent of community change may require knowledge of the local microbiome. These findings advance our understanding of soil microbial responses to extreme events, and provide a first step for making general predictions about the impact of extreme climatic events on soil functioning.

Abstract Image

土壤微生物组群对极端事件表现出一致且可预测的反应
越来越多的极端气候事件威胁着陆地生态系统的功能1,2。由于土壤微生物控制着关键的生物地球化学过程,因此了解它们对极端气候的反应对于预测生态系统功能的后果至关重要3,4。在这里,我们将欧洲 30 块草地的土壤置于四种极端气候事件的共同控制条件下(干旱、洪水、冰冻和高温),并将土壤微生物群落的反应及其功能与未受干扰的土壤进行了比较。在强加的极端事件中,土壤微生物群落表现出的反应虽小,但却高度一致,且在系统发育上保持一致。热处理对土壤微生物组的影响最大,增强了休眠和芽孢基因,降低了代谢多功能性。微生物组对热的反应尤其可以通过当地的气候条件和土壤特性来预测,通常不会经历极端条件的土壤最容易受到影响。我们的研究结果表明,不同气候条件下的土壤微生物群对极端气候事件的反应是一致的,但预测群落变化的程度可能需要了解当地微生物群的情况。这些发现加深了我们对土壤微生物对极端事件反应的理解,并为预测极端气候事件对土壤功能的影响迈出了第一步。
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来源期刊
Nature
Nature 综合性期刊-综合性期刊
CiteScore
90.00
自引率
1.20%
发文量
3652
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Nature is a prestigious international journal that publishes peer-reviewed research in various scientific and technological fields. The selection of articles is based on criteria such as originality, importance, interdisciplinary relevance, timeliness, accessibility, elegance, and surprising conclusions. In addition to showcasing significant scientific advances, Nature delivers rapid, authoritative, insightful news, and interpretation of current and upcoming trends impacting science, scientists, and the broader public. The journal serves a dual purpose: firstly, to promptly share noteworthy scientific advances and foster discussions among scientists, and secondly, to ensure the swift dissemination of scientific results globally, emphasizing their significance for knowledge, culture, and daily life.
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