Assessing the Co-Exposure Patterns of Volatile Organic Compounds and the Risk of Hyperuricemia: An Analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003-2012.

IF 3.9 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Toxics Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI:10.3390/toxics12110772

Xue Zhao, Haiyan Ding, Jian Qin, Shuli An, Shuangshuang Li, Hongqi He, Linwei Zhou, Xinjie Gong, Xia Chu

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Abstract

Background: Co-exposure to multiple volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is common in daily life. However, few studies have evaluated the associations between the patterns of simultaneous exposure to multiple VOCs and the risk of hyperuricemia.

Methods: This study included 7490 adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted between 2003 and 2012. The K-means clustering method was applied to cluster eight kinds of VOCs in the blood into various co-exposure patterns, including benzene, bromodichloromethane, chloroform, dibromochloromethane, 1,4-dichlorobenzene, ethylbenzene, methyl tertiary-butyl ether (MTBE), and o-xylene. Binary logistic regression analysis was utilized to assess the association between single VOCs, the co-exposure patterns of multiple VOCs, and the hyperuricemia risk. Restricted cubic spline functions were utilized to investigate the non-linear relationships.

Results: Based on eight VOCs, four characteristic co-exposure patterns were generated. Compared with the low-level exposure group, the levels of volatile organic compound (VOC) co-exposure in cluster 2, characterized by relatively high levels of MTBE and moderate levels of bromodichloromethane, chloroform, and dibromochloromethane, were associated with increased hyperuricemia risk, with an odds ratio of 1.32 (1.02, 1.71). Increasing levels of bromodichloromethane and chloroform were significantly associated with an increased risk of hyperuricemia. A strong J-shaped relationship was found between MTBE and hyperuricemia.

Conclusions: This study indicated that blood bromodichloromethane and chloroform were positively associated with hyperuricemia risk. Blood MTBE had a J-shaped association with hyperuricemia. In addition, the significant association of the co-exposure patterns of multiple VOCs in the blood with hyperuricemia risk was observed. Changing VOC co-exposure patterns may play a crucial role in the occurrence of hyperuricemia.

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评估挥发性有机化合物与高尿酸血症风险的共同暴露模式：2003-2012年全国健康与营养调查分析》。

背景：在日常生活中，同时暴露于多种挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）是很常见的现象。然而，很少有研究评估同时暴露于多种挥发性有机化合物的模式与高尿酸血症风险之间的关联：本研究纳入了 2003 年至 2012 年间进行的全国健康与营养调查中的 7490 名成年人。采用K-均值聚类法将血液中的八种挥发性有机化合物分为不同的共同暴露模式，包括苯、溴二氯甲烷、氯仿、二溴氯甲烷、1,4-二氯苯、乙苯、甲基叔丁基醚（MTBE）和邻二甲苯。二元逻辑回归分析用于评估单一挥发性有机化合物、多种挥发性有机化合物共同暴露模式与高尿酸血症风险之间的关联。限制立方样条函数用于研究非线性关系：结果：基于八种挥发性有机化合物，得出了四种特征性共同暴露模式。与低水平暴露组相比，第 2 组的挥发性有机化合物（VOC）共同暴露水平与高尿酸血症风险增加有关，其特点是 MTBE 含量相对较高，溴二氯甲烷、氯仿和二溴氯甲烷含量适中，几率比为 1.32（1.02, 1.71）。溴二氯甲烷和氯仿含量的增加与高尿酸血症风险的增加显著相关。MTBE与高尿酸血症之间呈强烈的 "J "形关系：这项研究表明，血液中的溴二氯甲烷和氯仿与高尿酸血症风险呈正相关。血液中的 MTBE 与高尿酸血症呈 J 型关系。此外，血液中多种挥发性有机化合物的共同暴露模式与高尿酸血症风险也有显著关联。改变挥发性有机化合物的共同暴露模式可能在高尿酸血症的发生中起到关键作用。

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来源期刊

Toxics Chemical Engineering-Chemical Health and Safety

CiteScore

4.50

自引率

10.90%

发文量

681

审稿时长

6 weeks

期刊介绍： Toxics (ISSN 2305-6304) is an international, peer-reviewed, open access journal which provides an advanced forum for studies related to all aspects of toxic chemicals and materials. It publishes reviews, regular research papers, and short communications. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical results in detail. There is, therefore, no restriction on the maximum length of the papers, although authors should write their papers in a clear and concise way. The full experimental details must be provided so that the results can be reproduced. Electronic files or software regarding the full details of calculations and experimental procedure can be deposited as supplementary material, if it is not possible to publish them along with the text.