Sex differences in patient-reported outcomes and perception of ascites burden amongst outpatients with decompensated cirrhosis and ascites.: Sex Differences in Ascites Burden Perception.

Abstract

Background aim: Perception of the ascites burden and its effects on quality of life may be different between sexes. This study assessed sex differences in perception of ascites burden and its impact on health related QoL (HRQoL) in patients with recurrent or refractory ascites.

Methods: The North American Consortium for the Study of End-stage Liver Disease prospectively enrolled outpatients with cirrhosis and large ascites requiring repeat large volume paracenteses. Demographics, laboratory results, co-morbidities, medications, frailty measurements, self-reported questionnaires related to functional status, physical activities, and HRQoL (generic = SF36 & ascites specific = ascites Q) were compared between sexes.

Results: 392 men (59.6±10.7yrs) and 184 women (59.5±11.1yrs) with predominantly alcohol related liver disease 51% and 43% respectively), median MELD-Na: 13, were enrolled. Both groups had similar co-morbidities and cirrhosis complications, ascites duration and severity, and frailty scores (p=0.94). Women had more symptoms related to their ascites (Ascites Q score =66±21 vs. 60±21 in men, p=0.001) (higher value = feeling worse). 35% of women felt depressed versus 22% of men (p=0.0009), with lower mental but not physical functioning components of SF36 (p=0.019). Women continued to conduct their daily activities as adequately as men as indicated by Duke Status Activity index (p=0.27) and Godin Leisure Activity Index (p=0.47).

Conclusions: Women with cirrhosis and ascites experienced worse emotional HRQoL than men without difference in daily function. Our analyses underscore the differences in the lived experience of women versus men with cirrhosis and highlight the need for patient-reported metrics to provide patient-centered care.