Metformin carbon dots enhance neurogenesis and neuroprotection in Alzheimer's disease: A potential nanomedicine approach

IF 8.7 1区医学 Q1 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL

Materials Today Bio Pub Date : 2024-11-16 DOI:10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101347

Jing Zhang , Xuehan Yang , Sushan Wang , Jianhua Dong , Meishuang Zhang , Ming Zhang , Li Chen

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Abstract

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by progressive cognitive decline due to neuronal damage and impaired neurogenesis. Preserving neuronal integrity and stimulating neurogenesis are promising therapeutic strategies to combat AD-related cognitive dysfunction. In this study, we synthesized metformin carbon dots (CMCDs) using a hydrothermal method with metformin hydrochloride and citric acid as precursors. Notably, we found that CMCDs were significantly more effective than metformin in promoting the differentiation of neural stem cells (NSCs) into functional neurons under amyloid-beta (Aβ) conditions. Moreover, CMCDs fostered NSCs proliferation, enhanced neurogenesis, reduced Aβ deposition, and inhibited glial cell activation. We also examined neuronal structure by assessing Map2/NF-H/PSD95/SYN expression in the hippocampus, finding that CMCDs robustly strengthened neuronal structure. These results suggest that CMCDs can cognitive dysfunction in AD and promote the proliferation and neurogenesis of NSCs, as well as ameliorate neuronal injury. Hence, CMCDs emerge as promising candidates for AD therapy, demonstrating superior efficacy compared to metformin alone, and offering novel insights into small molecule drug interventions for AD.

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二甲双胍碳点可增强阿尔茨海默病的神经发生和神经保护：一种潜在的纳米医学方法

阿尔茨海默病（AD）的特点是由于神经元损伤和神经发生受损导致认知能力逐渐下降。保护神经元的完整性和刺激神经发生是应对阿尔茨海默病相关认知功能障碍的有效治疗策略。在这项研究中，我们以盐酸二甲双胍和柠檬酸为前体，采用水热法合成了二甲双胍碳点（CMCDs）。值得注意的是，我们发现在淀粉样β（Aβ）条件下，CMCDs在促进神经干细胞（NSCs）分化为功能神经元方面的效果明显优于二甲双胍。此外，CMCDs还能促进NSCs增殖，增强神经发生，减少Aβ沉积，抑制胶质细胞活化。我们还通过评估海马中Map2/NF-H/PSD95/SYN的表达来检测神经元结构，结果发现CMCDs能强健神经元结构。这些结果表明，CMCDs可以认知AD的功能障碍，促进NSCs的增殖和神经发生，并改善神经元损伤。因此，CMCDs有望成为AD治疗的候选药物，其疗效优于单独使用二甲双胍，并为AD的小分子药物干预提供了新的见解。

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来源期刊

Materials Today Bio Multiple-

CiteScore

8.30

自引率

4.90%

发文量

303

审稿时长

30 days

期刊介绍： Materials Today Bio is a multidisciplinary journal that specializes in the intersection between biology and materials science, chemistry, physics, engineering, and medicine. It covers various aspects such as the design and assembly of new structures, their interaction with biological systems, functionalization, bioimaging, therapies, and diagnostics in healthcare. The journal aims to showcase the most significant advancements and discoveries in this field. As part of the Materials Today family, Materials Today Bio provides rigorous peer review, quick decision-making, and high visibility for authors. It is indexed in Scopus, PubMed Central, Emerging Sources, Citation Index (ESCI), and Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ).