Organ-specific renal tissue damage manifested by single-walled carbon-nanotubes and single-walled carbon-nanotubes-silver-titania nanocomposite: Cellular toxicity at high doses

IF 3.6 3区医学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology Pub Date : 2024-11-22 DOI:10.1016/j.jtemb.2024.127569

Khalid Ali Obaid , Ameer A. Imarah , Hydar M. Khalfa , Ghassan M. Sulaiman , Majid S. Jabir , Mustafa K.A. Mohammed , Duha S. Ahmed , Hayder M. Al-Kuraishy , Uday M. Nayef , Hamdoon A. Mohammed , Riaz A. Khan , Sabrean F. Jawad

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Single-walled (SWCNTs) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) can pose risks in biological systems leading to harmful effects, such as, reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, DNA damage, mitochondrial dysfunction, and ultimately, the cell death through apoptosis.

Objectives

The study assessed the nephrotoxicity of the SWCNTs and SWCNTs-Ag-TiO₂ nanocomposites through in vitro and in vivo experiments, assessing oxidative stress, genotoxicity, and safety for biomedical applications.

Methodology

In vitro, HK-2 cell lines were utilized to evaluate the effects of nanomaterials on cellular activity, apoptosis, ROS generation, and micronuclei formations. In the in vivo study, twenty male mice were divided into five groups: the first received a control injection of phosphate-buffer saline (PBS), while the second, and third groups received daily intraperitoneal injections of SWCNTs at doses of 50 mg/kg, and 100 mg/kg, respectively, for ten days. The fourth and fifth groups received the SWCNTs-Ag-TiO₂ at 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg, respectively, for ten days in sequence.

Results

SWCNTs and SWCNTs-Ag-TiO₂ significantly promoted the micronuclei formations in HK-2 cells, with rates of 48 % and 79 %, respectively, as compared to the 12.67 % of the control group. The analysis of renal tissues revealed increased levels of ROS, DNA-protein crosslinks (DPC), glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), creatinine, and 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine, while the GSH levels decreased. These findings indicated renal tissue injury, and oxidative damages.

Conclusions

The study demonstrated the cellular toxicity of these nanomaterials, highlighting the need for caution regarding their widespread use, particularly the use of carbon nanotubes and their metallic composites at higher exposure doses in occupational, environmental, or therapeutic contexts.

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单壁碳纳米管和单壁碳纳米管-银-钛纳米复合材料对器官特异性肾组织的损伤：高剂量下的细胞毒性

背景单壁碳纳米管（SWCNTs）和多壁碳纳米管（MWCNTs）会对生物系统造成风险，导致有害影响，如活性氧（ROS）形成、DNA 损伤、线粒体功能障碍，最终导致细胞凋亡。该研究通过体外和体内实验评估了 SWCNTs 和 SWCNTs-Ag-TiO2 纳米复合材料的肾毒性，评估了氧化应激、遗传毒性和生物医学应用的安全性。在体内研究中，二十只雄性小鼠被分为五组：第一组接受磷酸盐缓冲液（PBS）的对照注射，第二组和第三组每天腹腔注射 50 毫克/千克和 100 毫克/千克的 SWCNTs，连续十天。结果SWCNTs 和 SWCNTs-Ag-TiO2 显著促进了 HK-2 细胞微核的形成，分别为 48% 和 79%，而对照组仅为 12.67%。对肾组织的分析表明，ROS、DNA-蛋白质交联（DPC）、谷胱甘肽（GSH）、丙二醛（MDA）、肌酐和 8-羟基-2′-脱氧鸟苷的水平升高，而谷胱甘肽的水平下降。结论该研究表明了这些纳米材料对细胞的毒性，突出表明需要谨慎对待它们的广泛使用，特别是在职业、环境或治疗环境中以较高暴露剂量使用碳纳米管及其金属复合材料。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology 医学-内分泌学与代谢

CiteScore

6.60

自引率

2.90%

发文量

202

审稿时长

85 days

期刊介绍： The journal provides the reader with a thorough description of theoretical and applied aspects of trace elements in medicine and biology and is devoted to the advancement of scientific knowledge about trace elements and trace element species. Trace elements play essential roles in the maintenance of physiological processes. During the last decades there has been a great deal of scientific investigation about the function and binding of trace elements. The Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology focuses on the description and dissemination of scientific results concerning the role of trace elements with respect to their mode of action in health and disease and nutritional importance. Progress in the knowledge of the biological role of trace elements depends, however, on advances in trace elements chemistry. Thus the Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology will include only those papers that base their results on proven analytical methods. Also, we only publish those articles in which the quality assurance regarding the execution of experiments and achievement of results is guaranteed.