Treatment utilization among people with drug use disorders in prison: a national longitudinal cohort study.

IF 3 Q1 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY

Health and Justice Pub Date : 2024-11-26 DOI:10.1186/s40352-024-00302-8

Nicoline Toresen Lokdam, Marianne Riksheim Stavseth, Ingeborg Skjaervø, Anne Bukten

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Abstract

Background: Drug use disorders are highly prevalent among people in prison. Nevertheless, treatment coverage for individuals with drug use disorders in prison remains understudied and unknown. The aim of this study was to estimate treatment coverage among a sample of people with harmful and likely drug dependence before entering prison and to investigate the factors associated with treatment utilization.

Methods: This was a longitudinal cohort study using baseline survey data linked to registry data on imprisonment and treatment utilization. The study is based on the Norwegian Offender Mental Health and Addiction (NorMA) cohort (n = 733) recruited in 2013-2014 from 57 Norwegian prisons. At baseline, participants reported drug use the year before imprisonment, using the Drug Use Disorder Identification Test (DUDIT). The outcome of interest was DUD treatment, defined as at least one DUD treatment episode from the specialized health services during baseline imprisonment.

Results: 40% of the sample had DUDIT scores that indicated likely drug dependence (≥ 25) and a need for treatment. Among this group, 64% received DUD treatment while imprisoned. Longer imprisonment (> 12 months; aOR = 8.87, p < 0.001), Nordic country of birth (aOR = 2.85, p = 0.003), daily/almost daily injecting drug use (aOR = 2.58, p < 0.001) and polydrug use (aOR = 2.19, p = 0.002) were positively associated with treatment utilization in prison.

Conclusions: Most people with likely drug dependence before entering prison in Norway received DUD treatment during their time in prison. More severe drug use (Injecting drug use and polydrug use), longer imprisonments and being born in the Nordics were positively associated with treatment utilization. People in prison must have access to adequate treatment during imprisonment, and further studies should investigate the possible individual or structural barriers resulting in treatment gaps, especially for people who are foreign born and people with short sentences.

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狱中吸毒者的治疗利用情况：一项全国纵向队列研究。

背景：吸毒障碍在监狱服刑人员中非常普遍。然而，对监狱中吸毒者的治疗覆盖率的研究仍然不足，也不为人知。本研究的目的是估算入狱前有害和可能有药物依赖的样本人群的治疗覆盖率，并调查与治疗利用率相关的因素：这是一项纵向队列研究，使用的基线调查数据与监禁和治疗利用情况登记数据相关联。研究以2013-2014年从57所挪威监狱招募的挪威罪犯心理健康与成瘾（NorMA）队列（n = 733）为基础。在基线阶段，参与者使用 "吸毒障碍识别测试"（DUDIT）报告入狱前一年的吸毒情况。关注的结果是DUD治疗，即在基线监禁期间至少接受过一次专门医疗服务的DUD治疗：结果：40%的样本的 DUDIT 分数表明可能存在药物依赖（≥ 25 分）并需要治疗。在这一群体中，64%的人在监禁期间接受了 DUD 治疗。入狱时间较长（> 12 个月；aOR = 8.87，p 结论：入狱时间较长的吸毒者中，大部分人在入狱前就有可能对毒品产生依赖：在挪威，大多数入狱前可能对毒品有依赖的人在狱中都接受了DUD治疗。更严重的吸毒行为（注射吸毒和吸食多种毒品）、更长的监禁时间以及出生在北欧地区与治疗利用率呈正相关。监狱服刑人员在服刑期间必须获得适当的治疗，进一步的研究应调查可能导致治疗缺口的个人或结构性障碍，特别是对于外国出生者和刑期较短者。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Health and Justice Social Sciences-Law

CiteScore

4.10

自引率

8.60%

发文量

审稿时长

13 weeks

期刊介绍： Health & Justice is open to submissions from public health, criminology and criminal justice, medical science, psychology and clinical sciences, sociology, neuroscience, biology, anthropology and the social sciences, and covers a broad array of research types. It publishes original research, research notes (promising issues that are smaller in scope), commentaries, and translational notes (possible ways of introducing innovations in the justice system). Health & Justice aims to: Present original experimental research on the area of health and well-being of people involved in the adult or juvenile justice system, including people who work in the system; Present meta-analysis or systematic reviews in the area of health and justice for those involved in the justice system; Provide an arena to present new and upcoming scientific issues; Present translational science—the movement of scientific findings into practice including programs, procedures, or strategies; Present implementation science findings to advance the uptake and use of evidence-based practices; and, Present protocols and clinical practice guidelines. As an open access journal, Health & Justice aims for a broad reach, including researchers across many disciplines as well as justice practitioners (e.g. judges, prosecutors, defenders, probation officers, treatment providers, mental health and medical personnel working with justice-involved individuals, etc.). The sections of the journal devoted to translational and implementation sciences are primarily geared to practitioners and justice actors with special attention to the techniques used.