Etiological, Clinical, and Epidemiological Characteristics of Acute Viral Gastroenteritis in an Adult Population in a Tertiary Level Hospital in Spain.

IF 4.7 3区医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Infectious Diseases and Therapy Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-26 DOI:10.1007/s40121-024-01076-0

Sara Herranz-Ulldemolins, Anna Sellarès-Crous, Miriam J Álvarez-Martínez, M Eugenia Valls, Marta Aldea Novo, Anna Vilella Morató, Laura Rodriguez, Mireia Navarro, Roser Vendrell, Josep Barrachina, Miguel J Martínez, M Ángeles Marcos

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Introduction: Acute gastroenteritis (AGE) represents a significant global health burden, with enteric viruses being a leading cause of gastroenteritis worldwide. Despite advances in diagnosis and treatment, there are limited data on adults seeking care due to AGE of viral etiology. This study aimed to describe the etiological, clinical, and epidemiological characteristics of viral AGE in adult patients presenting for medical consultation in a tertiary hospital over a 2-year period.

Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted, with 8886 stool samples from 8356 adult patients presenting acute diarrhea between January 2021 and December 2022. A molecular real-time RT-PCR panel was used to screen for common bacterial, parasitic, and viral pathogens. Clinical and demographic data were collected, and statistical analysis was performed to evaluate possible associations.

Results: Enteric viruses constituted 10.3% (307 cases) of all AGE of known etiology, with norovirus being the predominant pathogen (196, 63.8%), followed by rotavirus (82, 26.7%) and adenovirus (29, 9.4%). The different viruses showed a distinct seasonal predominance. Coinfection with other microorganisms was common. Most cases exhibited a self-limiting course. Mortality and hospitalization rates were high in patients with higher comorbidity indices, mainly in individuals with immunosuppression.

Conclusions: Viruses are an important cause of acute gastroenteritis in adults presenting for medical consultation. The new multiplex molecular tests with high sensitivity and specificity allow early differential diagnosis in AGE. It is therefore necessary to identify which special populations particularly with higher comorbidity indices, would benefit from the implementation of these techniques, to guide decision-making related to appropriate treatments and avoid unnecessary interventions.

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西班牙一家三级医院成人急性病毒性肠胃炎的病因、临床和流行病学特征。

导言：急性肠胃炎（AGE）是全球重大的健康负担，肠道病毒是全球肠胃炎的主要病因。尽管在诊断和治疗方面取得了进步，但有关成人因病毒性肠胃炎就医的数据却很有限。本研究旨在描述一家三甲医院两年来就诊的成人病毒性 AGE 的病因、临床和流行病学特征：方法：采用回顾性横断面研究方法，对2021年1月至2022年12月期间就诊的8356名急性腹泻成人患者的8886份粪便样本进行了分析。采用分子实时 RT-PCR 小组筛查常见细菌、寄生虫和病毒病原体。收集了临床和人口统计学数据，并进行了统计分析，以评估可能存在的关联：结果：在所有已知病因的 AGE 中，肠道病毒占 10.3%（307 例），诺如病毒是主要病原体（196 例，占 63.8%），其次是轮状病毒（82 例，占 26.7%）和腺病毒（29 例，占 9.4%）。不同的病毒表现出明显的季节性。与其他微生物合并感染的情况很常见。大多数病例的病程为自限性。合并症指数较高的患者死亡率和住院率较高，主要是免疫抑制患者：病毒是导致成人急性肠胃炎的重要原因之一。新型多重分子检测具有高灵敏度和特异性，可对 AGE 进行早期鉴别诊断。因此，有必要确定哪些特殊人群，尤其是合并症指数较高的人群，可以从这些技术的应用中获益，从而指导与适当治疗相关的决策，避免不必要的干预。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Infectious Diseases and Therapy Medicine-Microbiology (medical)

CiteScore

8.60

自引率

1.90%

发文量

136

审稿时长

6 weeks

期刊介绍： Infectious Diseases and Therapy is an international, open access, peer-reviewed, rapid publication journal dedicated to the publication of high-quality clinical (all phases), observational, real-world, and health outcomes research around the discovery, development, and use of infectious disease therapies and interventions, including vaccines and devices. Studies relating to diagnostic products and diagnosis, pharmacoeconomics, public health, epidemiology, quality of life, and patient care, management, and education are also encouraged. Areas of focus include, but are not limited to, bacterial and fungal infections, viral infections (including HIV/AIDS and hepatitis), parasitological diseases, tuberculosis and other mycobacterial diseases, vaccinations and other interventions, and drug-resistance, chronic infections, epidemiology and tropical, emergent, pediatric, dermal and sexually-transmitted diseases.