Structural regulation and sodium storage mechanism of high-performance non-graphitic carbon derived from semi coke

IF 8.9 2区 工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS
Zhaohua Zhang , Xiaoxiao Qu , Jia Yu , Yuhao Liu , Jiahao Xu , Weiwei Kang , Jianbo Jia , Guangxu Huang , Baolin Xing , Chuanxiang Zhang
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Abstract

Non-graphitic carbon (NGC) is considered as one of the most promising anodes for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) because of its low cost and abundant reserves. Nevertheless, there is significant debate regarding the contribution mechanism of sloping and plateau capacity. Herein, a series of NGC with adjustable defect concentration, carbon phases and pore structure are synthesized with semi-coke as precursor to explore the sodium storage mechanism and an “adsorption-insertion-filling” model is proposed based on the in-depth analysis of microstructure and electrochemical behaviors. The very attraction about this work is that the entire discharge curve is divided into three regions for analysis, and the corresponding cause for each region is traced. To be specific, the defects and disordered structure contribute to the surface-controlled absorption behavior in the sloping region >0.1 V, the pseudo-graphitic structure shows diffusion-controlled insertion behavior in the plateau region between 0.1 and 0.05 V, and the closed pores formed by curved graphite-like structure provide plateau capacity (<0.05 V) through the filling of quasi-metallic sodium. This study provides theoretical education for the optimization of NGC anode structure and a novel approach for the excessive value-added utilization of semi coke.

Abstract Image

半焦衍生高性能非石墨碳的结构调整和钠储存机理
非石墨化碳(NGC)因其成本低、储量丰富而被认为是钠离子电池(SIB)最有前途的阳极之一。然而,关于斜坡容量和高原容量的贡献机制还存在很大争议。本文以半焦炭为前驱体,合成了一系列具有可调缺陷浓度、碳相和孔隙结构的 NGC,并在深入分析其微观结构和电化学行为的基础上,提出了 "吸附-插入-填充 "模型,以探索其钠储存机理。这项工作的亮点在于将整个放电曲线分为三个区域进行分析,并对每个区域的相应原因进行了追溯。具体来说,缺陷和无序结构促成了 0.1 V 斜坡区的表面控制吸收行为,伪石墨结构在 0.1 至 0.05 V 之间的高原区表现出扩散控制的插入行为,而弯曲的类石墨结构形成的封闭孔隙则通过准金属钠的填充提供了高原容量(0.05 V)。这项研究为优化 NGC 阳极结构提供了理论依据,也为半焦的高附加值利用提供了一种新方法。
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来源期刊
Journal of energy storage
Journal of energy storage Energy-Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
CiteScore
11.80
自引率
24.50%
发文量
2262
审稿时长
69 days
期刊介绍: Journal of energy storage focusses on all aspects of energy storage, in particular systems integration, electric grid integration, modelling and analysis, novel energy storage technologies, sizing and management strategies, business models for operation of storage systems and energy storage developments worldwide.
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