Navigating microplastics in wastewater treatment: Understanding analysis, mitigation, removal strategies, impact, and current knowledge gaps

IF 7.4 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI:10.1016/j.jece.2024.114792

Albert Contreras-Llin , Jesús Carrera , M. Silvia Diaz-Cruz

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Microplastics (MPs) pose a global threat to both the environment and human health. Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) have been identified as major contributors to MPs pollution in freshwater and coastal ecosystems. This review addresses the critical issue of MPs in WWTPs, focusing on their detection, removal processes, environmental impact, and the current gaps in knowledge. Reported concentrations range from 0.70 to 1567.49 n/L in influent wastewater and from 0.002 to 356 n/L in treated effluents, highlighting the effectiveness of WWTPs in reducing MPs. However, the lack of standardized protocols for sampling, pretreatment, and analysis remains a significant challenge for generating consistent and comparable data. This review not only examines MP removal techniques but also emphasizes the need for improved methods to ensure accurate identification and characterization. To address these gaps, we propose actionable recommendations based on the authors' experience. Future research should prioritize refining these methodologies to enhance our understanding of MP pollution and its mitigation.

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探索废水处理中的微塑料：了解分析、缓解、去除策略、影响和当前的知识差距

微塑料（MPs）对环境和人类健康都构成了全球性威胁。污水处理厂（WWTP）已被确定为淡水和沿海生态系统中微塑料污染的主要来源。本综述探讨了污水处理厂中 MPs 的关键问题，重点是 MPs 的检测、去除过程、对环境的影响以及目前的知识空白。报告显示，进水废水中 MPs 的浓度范围为 0.70 至 1567.49 n/L，处理后废水中 MPs 的浓度范围为 0.002 至 356 n/L，这凸显了污水处理厂在减少 MPs 方面的有效性。然而，由于缺乏标准化的采样、预处理和分析规程，要生成一致且可比较的数据仍是一项重大挑战。本综述不仅探讨了 MP 去除技术，还强调了改进方法以确保准确识别和表征的必要性。为了弥补这些不足，我们根据作者的经验提出了可行的建议。未来的研究应优先考虑改进这些方法，以提高我们对 MP 污染及其缓解的认识。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering Environmental Science-Pollution

CiteScore

11.40

自引率

6.50%

发文量

2017

审稿时长

27 days

期刊介绍： The Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering (JECE) serves as a platform for the dissemination of original and innovative research focusing on the advancement of environmentally-friendly, sustainable technologies. JECE emphasizes the transition towards a carbon-neutral circular economy and a self-sufficient bio-based economy. Topics covered include soil, water, wastewater, and air decontamination; pollution monitoring, prevention, and control; advanced analytics, sensors, impact and risk assessment methodologies in environmental chemical engineering; resource recovery (water, nutrients, materials, energy); industrial ecology; valorization of waste streams; waste management (including e-waste); climate-water-energy-food nexus; novel materials for environmental, chemical, and energy applications; sustainability and environmental safety; water digitalization, water data science, and machine learning; process integration and intensification; recent developments in green chemistry for synthesis, catalysis, and energy; and original research on contaminants of emerging concern, persistent chemicals, and priority substances, including microplastics, nanoplastics, nanomaterials, micropollutants, antimicrobial resistance genes, and emerging pathogens (viruses, bacteria, parasites) of environmental significance.