Role of vitamin A on the ocular surface

IF 3 2区医学 Q1 OPHTHALMOLOGY

Experimental eye research Pub Date : 2024-11-22 DOI:10.1016/j.exer.2024.110179

Huanhuan Ge , Guohu Di , Peirong Song , Wenshuo Han , Peng Chen , Ye Wang

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Abstract

Vitamin A is an essential fat-soluble vitamin that cannot be endogenously synthesized by the human body. Retinoic acid (RA) is the biologically active form of vitamin A. Utilizing both nuclear and non-nuclear receptor-mediated pathways, RA plays a crucial role in regulating various biological processes, including apoptosis, differentiation, and anti-inflammatory properties within the cornea and conjunctiva. In addition, RA has been demonstrated to exert a significant influence on anti-tumor mechanisms. Disruption of RA signaling can result in corneal defects, anophthalmia, and microphthalmia. However, the beneficial effects of RA are only observed when it is administered at appropriate dosages, and higher doses have an adverse impact. Ocular abnormalities are often early indicators of a vitamin A deficiency. The lacrimal gland secretes vitamin A onto the ocular surface, where it is metabolized into RA via two sequential steps. This article provides a comprehensive overview of how vitamin A is transformed and transported from the intestine to the ocular surface, ultimately contributing to the maintenance of the normal physiological function of the ocular surface.

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维生素 A 在眼表的作用

维生素 A 是一种必需的脂溶性维生素，人体无法从内源性合成。视黄酸（RA）是维生素 A 的生物活性形式。通过核受体和非核受体介导的途径，视黄酸在调节各种生物过程中发挥着至关重要的作用，包括角膜和结膜的凋亡、分化和抗炎特性。此外，RA 还被证明对抗肿瘤机制有重大影响。RA 信号的中断会导致角膜缺损、无眼症和小眼球症。然而，只有在适当剂量的情况下才能观察到 RA 的有益作用，剂量过大则会产生不利影响。眼部异常通常是维生素 A 缺乏症的早期征兆。泪腺将维生素 A 分泌到眼球表面，然后通过两个连续步骤代谢成 RA。本文全面概述了维生素 A 如何从肠道转化和运输到眼表，最终帮助维持眼表的正常生理功能。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Experimental eye research 医学-眼科学

CiteScore

6.80

自引率

5.90%

发文量

323

审稿时长

66 days

期刊介绍： The primary goal of Experimental Eye Research is to publish original research papers on all aspects of experimental biology of the eye and ocular tissues that seek to define the mechanisms of normal function and/or disease. Studies of ocular tissues that encompass the disciplines of cell biology, developmental biology, genetics, molecular biology, physiology, biochemistry, biophysics, immunology or microbiology are most welcomed. Manuscripts that are purely clinical or in a surgical area of ophthalmology are not appropriate for submission to Experimental Eye Research and if received will be returned without review.