Cue for rear sound image localization in head-related transfer function below 4 kHz

IF 3.4 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Applied Acoustics Pub Date : 2024-11-20 DOI:10.1016/j.apacoust.2024.110370

Fuka Nakamura , Kazuhiro Iida

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

It is known that notches and peaks at frequencies above 5 kHz in the head-related transfer function (HRTF) act as cues for median plane sound localization. However, it has also been shown that front-back discrimination of the direction of a sound image can be achieved even with only the components below 4 kHz. In the present study, we investigated the cues for rear sound image localization below 4 kHz. First, we analyzed the HRTFs for 118 ears (59 subjects) in the median plane and showed that the sound pressure around 1 kHz in the rear HRTF was larger than that in the front HRTF. This boosted band (hereinafter referred to as P0) coincided with Blauert’s directional band. Next, we proposed a hypothesis that can comprehensively explain the two types of cues that have been proposed in the past: spectral notches and peaks, and directional bands. In order to verify the effects of P0 for rear-direction localization, three preliminary psychoacoustic experiments were conducted. The results showed that eliminating P0 tends to increase localization errors at frequencies below 4 kHz. For wide-band signals, adding P0 to a previous parametric HRTF model (N1N2P1P2) tends to reduce the mean vertical localization error, and made the auditory source width approximately the same as that for the measured HRTF. These preliminary results support our hypothesis and imply that P0 acts as a cue for rear sound image localization.

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4 千赫以下头部相关传递函数中的后声像定位线索

众所周知，头部相关传递函数（HRTF）中频率高于 5 kHz 的凹槽和峰值可作为中值平面声音定位的线索。不过，也有研究表明，即使只使用 4 kHz 以下的成分，也能实现声像方向的前后分辨。在本研究中，我们研究了 4 kHz 以下后方声像定位的线索。首先，我们分析了 118 只耳朵（59 名受试者）在中位面上的 HRTF，结果表明后方 HRTF 中 1 kHz 附近的声压大于前方 HRTF 中的声压。这个增强频带（以下简称 P0）与 Blauert 的指向性频带相吻合。接下来，我们提出了一个假设，可以全面解释过去提出的两类线索：频谱缺口和峰值以及方向带。为了验证 P0 对后向定位的影响，我们进行了三次初步的心理声学实验。结果表明，在频率低于 4 kHz 时，消除 P0 往往会增加定位误差。对于宽带信号，将 P0 添加到先前的参数 HRTF 模型（N1N2P1P2）中往往会减少平均垂直定位误差，并使听觉源宽度与测量 HRTF 大致相同。这些初步结果支持了我们的假设，并暗示 P0 可作为后方声像定位的线索。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Applied Acoustics 物理-声学

CiteScore

7.40

自引率

11.80%

发文量

618

审稿时长

7.5 months

期刊介绍： Since its launch in 1968, Applied Acoustics has been publishing high quality research papers providing state-of-the-art coverage of research findings for engineers and scientists involved in applications of acoustics in the widest sense. Applied Acoustics looks not only at recent developments in the understanding of acoustics but also at ways of exploiting that understanding. The Journal aims to encourage the exchange of practical experience through publication and in so doing creates a fund of technological information that can be used for solving related problems. The presentation of information in graphical or tabular form is especially encouraged. If a report of a mathematical development is a necessary part of a paper it is important to ensure that it is there only as an integral part of a practical solution to a problem and is supported by data. Applied Acoustics encourages the exchange of practical experience in the following ways: • Complete Papers • Short Technical Notes • Review Articles; and thereby provides a wealth of technological information that can be used to solve related problems. Manuscripts that address all fields of applications of acoustics ranging from medicine and NDT to the environment and buildings are welcome.