Pyrrolic and pyridinic nitrogen-rich carbon microspheres derived from polydopamine as advanced anodes for sodium ion batteries

IF 10.5 2区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Carbon Pub Date : 2024-11-19 DOI:10.1016/j.carbon.2024.119836

Hongwei Tao , Kerui Huang , Kai Zeng , Sha Li , Zhijun Zhao , Zhengyou He , Kangli Wang , Kai Jiang , Haitao Hu

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Abstract

This study presents an efficient approach for designing hard carbon electrodes through the synthesis of nitrogen-doped carbon microspheres (NCS) via an eco-friendly high-temperature pyrolysis of polydopamine. By precisely modulating the pyrolysis temperature, the nitrogen content and bonding configurations are carefully optimized. NCS treated at 1000 °C demonstrate exceptional electrochemical performance, including an initial Coulombic efficiency of 73.4 %, a reversible capacity of 386.6 mA h g⁻¹, a rate capability of 180.1 mA h g⁻¹ at 10 A g⁻¹, and 75.3 % capacity retention after 1500 cycles. The abundant pyrrolic-N dopants effectively expand interlayer spacing, facilitating efficient and reversible Na⁺ intercalation. Additionally, pyridinic-N and pyrrolic-N functionalities significantly increase surface defect density, promoting rapid electron and ion transport. The spherical morphology, characterized by a low surface area, further reduces irreversible Na⁺ consumption during solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) formation, thereby ensuring high initial coulombic efficiency (ICE).

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聚多巴胺衍生的吡咯和吡啶富氮碳微球作为钠离子电池的先进阳极

本研究提出了一种设计硬碳电极的有效方法，即通过环保型高温热解聚多巴胺合成掺氮碳微球（NCS）。通过精确调节热解温度，氮含量和键合结构得到了精心优化。在 1000 °C 下处理的 NCS 表现出卓越的电化学性能，包括 73.4% 的初始库仑效率、386.6 mA h g-1 的可逆容量、10 A g-1 时 180.1 mA h g-1 的速率能力以及 1500 次循环后 75.3% 的容量保持率。丰富的吡咯烷-N掺杂剂有效地扩大了层间间距，促进了Na⁺的高效和可逆插层。此外，吡啶-N 和吡咯-N 官能团还显著增加了表面缺陷密度，促进了电子和离子的快速传输。以低表面积为特征的球形形态进一步减少了固体电解质相间层（SEI）形成过程中不可逆的 Na⁺消耗，从而确保了较高的初始库仑效率（ICE）。

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来源期刊

Carbon 工程技术-材料科学：综合

CiteScore

20.80

自引率

7.30%

发文量

审稿时长

23 days

期刊介绍： The journal Carbon is an international multidisciplinary forum for communicating scientific advances in the field of carbon materials. It reports new findings related to the formation, structure, properties, behaviors, and technological applications of carbons. Carbons are a broad class of ordered or disordered solid phases composed primarily of elemental carbon, including but not limited to carbon black, carbon fibers and filaments, carbon nanotubes, diamond and diamond-like carbon, fullerenes, glassy carbon, graphite, graphene, graphene-oxide, porous carbons, pyrolytic carbon, and other sp2 and non-sp2 hybridized carbon systems. Carbon is the companion title to the open access journal Carbon Trends. Relevant application areas for carbon materials include biology and medicine, catalysis, electronic, optoelectronic, spintronic, high-frequency, and photonic devices, energy storage and conversion systems, environmental applications and water treatment, smart materials and systems, and structural and thermal applications.